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UNIT 2 - Criminology AS Level 🍒🪩 > MPA1.1 > Flashcards

MPA1.1 Flashcards

1
Q

be ydi deviance?

A

ymddygiad sy’n wahannol i’r arfer ac yn mynd yn erbyn normau

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2
Q

3 category o deviance ac enghraifft

A

ymddygiad sy’n anarferol o dda:
rhoi eich bywyd mewn perygl i achub eraill

ymddygiad sy’n od iawn:
siarad sy’n od iawn

ymddygiad sy’n anerferol o ddrwg:
llofruddiaeth

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3
Q

beth yw norms

A

disgwyliadau cymdeithasol o ran ymddygiad

normau yn gallu newid rhwng gymdeithas a cultures gwahannol i’r llall ee gwisgo du yn y DU

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4
Q

beth yw moral codes

A

cymdeithasau hefo moral codes sef ffyrf da o ymddwyn ee 10 commandements (don’t cheat)

torri cod moesol yn fater difiriol mewn cymdeithas

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5
Q

beth yw values

A

rheolau sylfaennol rhan fwyaf o bobl mewn diwylliant yn eu rhannu ar rhan ymddygiad
mae nhwn canllawiau mewy cyffredinol na normau ee dangos parch at bobl hyn

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6
Q

examples o cosbau ffurfiol (4)

A

talu fine
carchar
expelled from school
community service

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7
Q

examples o cosbau anffurfiol (5)

A

frown upon behaviour
galw enwau
anwybyddu
grounded
chwerthin arnoch

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8
Q

who inforces cosbau ffurfiol

A

heddlu, llysoedd, ysgolion, prifysgolion

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9
Q

beth yw’r defention o trosedd

A

gweithred sydd yn mynd yn erbyn cyfraith yr wlad (fel arfer deddf)

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10
Q

defintion o ymddygiad troseddol

A

math o deviance yn cynnwys harmful actions which are against society
hein yn cael ei ystyried yn siruptive ac mae rhaid i’r state intervenio ar ran cyndeithas i’w gwahardd

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11
Q

be ydir 2 elen mae rhaid cael mewn trosedd

A

actus reus - action
mens rea - intent

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12
Q

pa fathau o trosedd does dim angen mens rea a pam

A

health and saftey
oherwydd strict liability

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13
Q

sut mae self defence plea yn gweithio

A

rhywun yn ymosod yn fwriadol (actus rea) gyda’r bwriad o anafu (mens rea)
so long bod grym rhesymol wedi’i defnyddio

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14
Q

be ydir 8 teulu o weithredau troseddol?

A

homocide
violence against the person
offences agasint property
sexual offences
public order offences
drug offences
fraud and forgery
criminal damage

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15
Q

examples o homocide (4)

A

murder, manslaughter, mass murder, genocide

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16
Q

examples o violence against the person (5)

A

ymosod, curo, assault, bodily harm, common assault

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17
Q

offences against property examples (2)

A

dwyn, robbery

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18
Q

examples of sexual offences (2)

A

rape, indecent assault

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19
Q

examples of public order offences (3)

A

riot, affrae, violent disorder

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20
Q

examples of drug offences (2)

A

possesion of a controlled substance + with the intent to supply

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21
Q

examples of fraud and forgery

A

fraud

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22
Q

2 subcategory o cosb ffurfiol

A

cosbau tu allan i’r llys
cosbau yn y llys

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23
Q

examples of criminal damage

A

llosgi yn fwriadol, malu rhywbeth

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24
Q

3 o’r cosbau tu allan i’r llys

A

cautions, conditional warnings, penalty notice

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25
Q

why would you get a penalty notice

A

yn cael ei rhoi am bethau fel dwyn o siopau, possesion of cannabis
have to be over 18

26
Q

why would you get a conditional warning

A

cael ei rhoi gan yr heddlu a bydd rhaid cytuno i rhai rheolau a restrictions ee derbyn triniaeth alcohol

27
Q

why would you get a caution

A

from heddlu for small crimes like graffiti
rhaid cyfaddef i’r trosedd a cytuno i cael ei cautinio neu byddwch yn cael eich arestio

28
Q

ydi caution yn convition

A

na ond gallai dod fyny ar DBS check

29
Q

4 math o cosbau yn y llys

A

sentence yn y carchar, community sentence, penalty, discharge

30
Q

sentence yn carchar

A

anfon yn syth i’r carchar
life sentences / specific period / unspecified

31
Q

community service

A

gwaith di dal, cyrffyw a gorchmynion penodl ee profion a thriniaeth am gyffuriau

32
Q

fine / penalty ( in court punishment)

A

cosbau ariannol = dibynnu ar pa mor difrfiol oedd yr trosedd + financial situation y troseddwr

33
Q

discharge ( in court punishment)

A

amodol - rhyddhau ond os byddwch yn troseddu eto yn y cyfnod amodl bydd cosb pellach

di amodl - pam mae rhywun yn euog yn dechnegol ond yn ddi-fai yn foesol

34
Q

What are the 3 types of out of court punishments

A

Cautions
Conditional warnings
Penalty notice

35
Q

Be ydi rhybuddion (4)

A

Written or verbal
Gan heddlu am troseddau bach
Gorfod cyfaddef a cytuno i cael rhybudd neu you will get arrested
Not a conviction but is on dbs

36
Q

be ydi conditional warning? (2)

A

cael ei rhoi gan heddlu
rhaid cytuno i rai rheolau a cyfyngiadau ee derbyn triniaeth alcohol

37
Q

be ydi penalty notice ? (3)

A

rhoi am betha fel dwyn o siopau
rhaid bod drost 18
on the spot fine

38
Q

what is magistrate court? (3)

A

less serious
less than 6 months
less than £5000

39
Q

what is crown court?

A

most serious crimes

40
Q

4 cosb yn y llys

A

sentence o garchar
community service
dirwy
discharge

41
Q

be ydi sentence o garchar (2)

A

anfon yn syth
oes gorfodol ee 5 years neu cyfnod amhenodl (at the kings leisure)

42
Q

be ydi community service? (4)

A

gwaith di dal
cyfnod prawf yn yr cymdeithas
cyrffyw
gorchmynion penodl

43
Q

be ydi dirwy

A

cosbau ariannol dibynnol ar pa mor difrifol oedd trosedd a amgylchiadau

44
Q

2 types of discharge

A

amodol + diamod

45
Q

be ydi discharge amodol

A

rhyddhau ond os troseddu eto yn y cyfnod bydd cosb pellach

46
Q

be ydi discharge di- amod

A

pan mae rhywun yn euog yn dechnegol ond yn ddi-fai yn foesol

47
Q

why do they use discharged sentences?

A

court process was punishment enough

48
Q

what is the different levels of fines?

A

depends on money + crime

49
Q

what is community services include?

A

40 - 300 unpaid hours

50
Q

why is prison used as a punishment?

A

when theyre too dangour to go out into society

51
Q

what are the 5 main types of sentences?

A

prison
on liscence
community service
fines
discharge

52
Q

7 things they consider when sentencing?

A

seriousness
harm to victim - emotion, physical, property
blame - planning, weapons, vulnerable groups

criminal record
personal circumstances
admits guilt
most likely to change their ways

53
Q

what do they use to decide on sentence?

A

sentencing guide lines

54
Q

how would you deicde on a sentence for a criminal

A

seriousness
how offenders are sentenced
effect on victim

55
Q

what is one of the most important things judges / magistrates should considor?

A

giving the appropriate sentence for the crime

56
Q

what do they use to decide on sentences

A

sentencing guide lines

57
Q

what is always the same in sentencing

A

the way a judge decided

58
Q

7 points they consider when sentencing

A

seriousness
harm to victim - lost property, physical, emotional
blame - planning, targetting vulnerable, weapons
criminal record
personal circumstance
most likely to change their ways
admits guilt (up to 3rd of their sentence)

59
Q

5 main types of sentence

A

prison
on lisence
community service
fines
discharge

60
Q

why is prison used as a punishment

A

too dangerous to go out into society

61
Q

what is community service

A

40-300 hours of unpaid work

62
Q

what is a discharge

A

suspended sentence - court was punishment enough

UNIT 2 - Criminology AS Level 🍒🪩 (4 decks)

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