MPA1.1 Flashcards
be ydi deviance?
ymddygiad sy’n wahannol i’r arfer ac yn mynd yn erbyn normau
3 category o deviance ac enghraifft
ymddygiad sy’n anarferol o dda:
rhoi eich bywyd mewn perygl i achub eraill
ymddygiad sy’n od iawn:
siarad sy’n od iawn
ymddygiad sy’n anerferol o ddrwg:
llofruddiaeth
beth yw norms
disgwyliadau cymdeithasol o ran ymddygiad
normau yn gallu newid rhwng gymdeithas a cultures gwahannol i’r llall ee gwisgo du yn y DU
beth yw moral codes
cymdeithasau hefo moral codes sef ffyrf da o ymddwyn ee 10 commandements (don’t cheat)
torri cod moesol yn fater difiriol mewn cymdeithas
beth yw values
rheolau sylfaennol rhan fwyaf o bobl mewn diwylliant yn eu rhannu ar rhan ymddygiad
mae nhwn canllawiau mewy cyffredinol na normau ee dangos parch at bobl hyn
examples o cosbau ffurfiol (4)
talu fine
carchar
expelled from school
community service
examples o cosbau anffurfiol (5)
frown upon behaviour
galw enwau
anwybyddu
grounded
chwerthin arnoch
who inforces cosbau ffurfiol
heddlu, llysoedd, ysgolion, prifysgolion
beth yw’r defention o trosedd
gweithred sydd yn mynd yn erbyn cyfraith yr wlad (fel arfer deddf)
defintion o ymddygiad troseddol
math o deviance yn cynnwys harmful actions which are against society
hein yn cael ei ystyried yn siruptive ac mae rhaid i’r state intervenio ar ran cyndeithas i’w gwahardd
be ydir 2 elen mae rhaid cael mewn trosedd
actus reus - action
mens rea - intent
pa fathau o trosedd does dim angen mens rea a pam
health and saftey
oherwydd strict liability
sut mae self defence plea yn gweithio
rhywun yn ymosod yn fwriadol (actus rea) gyda’r bwriad o anafu (mens rea)
so long bod grym rhesymol wedi’i defnyddio
be ydir 8 teulu o weithredau troseddol?
homocide
violence against the person
offences agasint property
sexual offences
public order offences
drug offences
fraud and forgery
criminal damage
examples o homocide (4)
murder, manslaughter, mass murder, genocide
examples o violence against the person (5)
ymosod, curo, assault, bodily harm, common assault
offences against property examples (2)
dwyn, robbery
examples of sexual offences (2)
rape, indecent assault
examples of public order offences (3)
riot, affrae, violent disorder
examples of drug offences (2)
possesion of a controlled substance + with the intent to supply
examples of fraud and forgery
fraud
2 subcategory o cosb ffurfiol
cosbau tu allan i’r llys
cosbau yn y llys
examples of criminal damage
llosgi yn fwriadol, malu rhywbeth
3 o’r cosbau tu allan i’r llys
cautions, conditional warnings, penalty notice
why would you get a penalty notice
yn cael ei rhoi am bethau fel dwyn o siopau, possesion of cannabis
have to be over 18
why would you get a conditional warning
cael ei rhoi gan yr heddlu a bydd rhaid cytuno i rhai rheolau a restrictions ee derbyn triniaeth alcohol
why would you get a caution
from heddlu for small crimes like graffiti
rhaid cyfaddef i’r trosedd a cytuno i cael ei cautinio neu byddwch yn cael eich arestio
ydi caution yn convition
na ond gallai dod fyny ar DBS check
4 math o cosbau yn y llys
sentence yn y carchar, community sentence, penalty, discharge
sentence yn carchar
anfon yn syth i’r carchar
life sentences / specific period / unspecified
community service
gwaith di dal, cyrffyw a gorchmynion penodl ee profion a thriniaeth am gyffuriau
fine / penalty ( in court punishment)
cosbau ariannol = dibynnu ar pa mor difrfiol oedd yr trosedd + financial situation y troseddwr
discharge ( in court punishment)
amodol - rhyddhau ond os byddwch yn troseddu eto yn y cyfnod amodl bydd cosb pellach
di amodl - pam mae rhywun yn euog yn dechnegol ond yn ddi-fai yn foesol
What are the 3 types of out of court punishments
Cautions
Conditional warnings
Penalty notice
Be ydi rhybuddion (4)
Written or verbal
Gan heddlu am troseddau bach
Gorfod cyfaddef a cytuno i cael rhybudd neu you will get arrested
Not a conviction but is on dbs
be ydi conditional warning? (2)
cael ei rhoi gan heddlu
rhaid cytuno i rai rheolau a cyfyngiadau ee derbyn triniaeth alcohol
be ydi penalty notice ? (3)
rhoi am betha fel dwyn o siopau
rhaid bod drost 18
on the spot fine
what is magistrate court? (3)
less serious
less than 6 months
less than £5000
what is crown court?
most serious crimes
4 cosb yn y llys
sentence o garchar
community service
dirwy
discharge
be ydi sentence o garchar (2)
anfon yn syth
oes gorfodol ee 5 years neu cyfnod amhenodl (at the kings leisure)
be ydi community service? (4)
gwaith di dal
cyfnod prawf yn yr cymdeithas
cyrffyw
gorchmynion penodl
be ydi dirwy
cosbau ariannol dibynnol ar pa mor difrifol oedd trosedd a amgylchiadau
2 types of discharge
amodol + diamod
be ydi discharge amodol
rhyddhau ond os troseddu eto yn y cyfnod bydd cosb pellach
be ydi discharge di- amod
pan mae rhywun yn euog yn dechnegol ond yn ddi-fai yn foesol
why do they use discharged sentences?
court process was punishment enough
what is the different levels of fines?
depends on money + crime
what is community services include?
40 - 300 unpaid hours
why is prison used as a punishment?
when theyre too dangour to go out into society
what are the 5 main types of sentences?
prison
on liscence
community service
fines
discharge
7 things they consider when sentencing?
seriousness
harm to victim - emotion, physical, property
blame - planning, weapons, vulnerable groups
criminal record
personal circumstances
admits guilt
most likely to change their ways
what do they use to decide on sentence?
sentencing guide lines
how would you deicde on a sentence for a criminal
seriousness
how offenders are sentenced
effect on victim
what is one of the most important things judges / magistrates should considor?
giving the appropriate sentence for the crime
what do they use to decide on sentences
sentencing guide lines
what is always the same in sentencing
the way a judge decided
7 points they consider when sentencing
seriousness
harm to victim - lost property, physical, emotional
blame - planning, targetting vulnerable, weapons
criminal record
personal circumstance
most likely to change their ways
admits guilt (up to 3rd of their sentence)
5 main types of sentence
prison
on lisence
community service
fines
discharge
why is prison used as a punishment
too dangerous to go out into society
what is community service
40-300 hours of unpaid work
what is a discharge
suspended sentence - court was punishment enough
