Movement

Question 1

Active transport…

Answer 1

Active transport is the movement of dissolved molecules into and out of a cell against the concentration gradient (i.e. low to high), that requires ATP energy carrier proteins that are in cell membrane.

Question 2

Diffusion…

Answer 2

Diffusion is the net random movement of particles, from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration( as a consequence of the random movement of individual particles)

It’s rate can be affected by: distance, concentration gradient, temperature,surface area to volume ratio
Conclusions:

The shorter the distance the faster the rate of diffusion because now the molecules that have a shorter distance, so will diffuse quicker.

The higher the temperature, the rate of diffusion increases because as the temperature rises, so does the speed of the molecules, causing them to move faster and therefore diffuse quicker.

The higher the concentration gradient, the quicker the rate of diffusion because there are more particles to diffuse.

The lower the SA/V Ratio, the quicker the rate of diffusion because when a cell grows, its volume increases at a greater rate than its surface area, therefore its SA/V ratio decreases.

Question 3

Osmosis

Answer 3

Osmosis is the net random movement of water molecules that move from an area of high water potential, to an area of low potential, across a partially permeable membrane.