Mouth And Swallowing - Lecture 4

Question 1

What are the 3 divisions of the tongue

Answer 1

Dorsum (top part)
Body (middle area)
Root (bottom)

Question 2

List the type of teeth

Answer 2

Central incisors 
Lateral incisors
Cuspids 
Premolars
Molars

Question 3

Where is the opening of the parotid duct found

Answer 3

Cheek

Question 4

What are the cheeks lined by

Answer 4

Buccal mucosa

Question 5

What is the vestibule

Answer 5

Space between the lips teeth and gums

Question 5

How many teeth in total

Answer 5

32

Question 7

What are the 4 muscles of mastication

Answer 7

Masseter
Temporalis
Medial pterygoid
Lateral pterygoid

Question 8

Divisions of the pharynx and their boundaries

Answer 8

Nasopharynx = from nasal cavity to the uvula 
Oropharynx = from the uvula to the epiglottis 
Laryngopharynx = from the epiglottis to the larynx

Question 8

Which type of epithelial cells are found in the oesophagus

Answer 8

25cm

Question 9

What are the layers of the medial pterygoid

Answer 9

Deep head

Superficial head

Question 11

What are the two layers of the masster muscle

Answer 11

Superficial and deep

Question 12

What is the function of the medial pterygoid

Answer 12

Elevates the mandible closing the mouth

Question 13

Two divisions of the lateral pterygoid

Answer 13

Superior head

Inferior head

Question 14

Function of the temporalis muscle

Answer 14

• elevates the mandible closing the mouth

- retracts the mandible pulling the jaw posteriorly

Question 15

How long is the oesophagus

Answer 15

25cm

Question 16

Function of the lateral pterygoid

Answer 16

Protract jaw forwards

Side to side jaw movement

Question 17

What are the 3 main glands in the mouth

Answer 17

Parotid
Sublingual
Submandibular

Question 18

What is the salivatory centre in the brain stem driven by

Answer 18

Local stimuli
Centeral stimuli
Learned reflex

Question 19

Parasympathetic

Answer 19

Watery

Question 20

Which is the largest salivary gland

Answer 20

Parotid

Question 21

Which salivary gland secretes predominantly serous secretion

Answer 21

Parotid gland

Question 22

What percentage of the salivary volume does the parotid gland produce

Answer 22

50%

Question 23

Which enzyme and protein is the parotid gland the main source of

Answer 23

Salivary amylase

Proline- rich protein

Question 23

Parasympathetic supply of the parotid gland

Answer 23

CN IX (glossopharyngeal)

Question 24

What percentage of the salivary volume does the submandibular gland produce

Answer 24

45%

Question 25

How wide is the oesophagus

Answer 25

2cm

Question 25

Function of the masseter muscle

Answer 25

Elevates the mandible closing the mouth

Question 27

Functions of saliva

Answer 27

``` Lubricates mouth and food Protects against acid and bacteria Cleaning Digestion Facilitates taste ```

Question 28

How many teeth do we have in each quadrant

Answer 28

8

Question 29

What happens in the pharyngeal phase

Answer 29

Involuntary - tongue blocks oral cavity so food doesn’t go back into the mouth - the soft palate blocks off the nasopharynx - vocal folds close - larynx moves up and the epiglottis flips over covering entry to the trachea - upper oesophageal sphincter opens so food goes down oesophagus

Question 31

Sympathetic

Answer 31

Mucoid

Question 33

Which nerve makes up the parasympathetic supply for the submandibular gland

Answer 33

CN V11 (facial - chorda tympani - lingual nerve)

Question 34

Sympathetic supply of the submandibular gland, parotid gland and sublingual gland

Answer 34

Superior cervical region

Question 35

Function of ptyalin alpha-amylase

Answer 35

Initial digestion of polysaccharides | I.e. starch —> sugar molecules

Question 37

What percentage of salivary volume does the sublingual glad produce

Answer 37

5%

Question 38

Which enzyme is the sublingual gland the main source of

Answer 38

Lingual lipase

Question 39

What is the optimum pH for ptyalin alpha-amylase

Answer 39

PH 7

Question 40

What are the 3 main phases of swallowing

Answer 40

1) oral phase 2) pharyngeal phase 3) oesophageal phase

Question 41

What is the parasympathetic supply of the sublingual gland

Answer 41

Via CN V11 (facial)

Question 43

What pH is ptyalin alpha-amylase denatured at

Answer 43

PH 4

Question 44

Function of lingual lipase

Answer 44

Initial digestion of fats | Cleave the outer fatty acids off triglycerides leaving diacylglycerol

Question 45

What nerve is CN X

Answer 45

Vagus nerve

Question 46

What happens in the oral phase

Answer 46

Voluntary Food is moistened and chewed Pushed to pharynx

Question 47

How wide is the oesophagus

Answer 47

2cm

Question 48

What is the cephalic phase of GI activity

Answer 48

A combination of stimuli Eg, cognitive and include anticipation or thinking about the consumption of food, olfactory input, visual input and auditory input.

Question 49

What nerve is CN VII

Answer 49

Facial nerve

Question 50

What is the optimum pH for lingual lipase

Answer 50

About 4 | Denatured by pancreatic proteases

Question 51

What nerve is CN IX

Answer 51

Glossopharyngeal nerve

Question 52

Which part of the nervous system is the cephalic phase mediated by

Answer 52

parasympathetic nervous system

Question 53

What do the facial and glossopharyngeal nerves control

Answer 53

Salivary secretion

Question 55

What does the vagus nerve control

Answer 55

GI motility and secretion

Question 61

How long is the oesophagus

Answer 61

25cm

Question 63

Sympathetic supply of the parotid gland

Answer 63

Superior cervical ganglion

Question 70

Which salivary gland is the main source of lingual lipase

Answer 70

Sublingual gland

Question 72

What is the submandibular gland the main source of

Answer 72

Lysosome | Lactoperoxidase - antimicrobial agent