Mouth Flashcards
Angular Stomatitis/Cheilitis
-Cracks or fissures at corner
Angular Stomatitis/Cheilitis is caused by:
-Licking of lips
-Dry, chapped lips
-Aggressive flossing
-Older adults: Vitamin D deficiency, IDA, malnutrition
Treatment of Angular Stomatitis/Cheilitis
-Don’t lick the lips
-Use lip balm
-B Vitamins & better nutrition
-More care when flossing
Actinic Cheilitis
Blotcht, mottled, swollen lips w/ chronic sores
-Usually the lower lip
Actinic Cheilitic is due to
Damage from chronic sun exposure
Actinic Cheilitis is a sign of:
Cancer (It’s precancerous in nature but watch for signs)
Treatment of Actinic Cheilitis
Look for changes that may involve cancer
-Surgical removal of thickened areas
-Reduced sun exposure
Cold sores are caused by
Viral infection (Herpes Simplex Virus)
Cold sores
Small, painful, fluid-filled blisters on raised red area of skin near lips, around the mouth
Cold sores are _____ when lesions present
Contagious
____ of all adults are infected by HSV-1 or 2
50+%
Cold sores are triggered by:
-Stress, anxiety, sunlight, hormonal changes, exhaustion, infections in other parts of the body
Cold sores are often found on:
Border of lips and mouth
Cold Sore: Progression
Begins with tenderness or tingling->Becomes painful and swollen with a red lump (contagious)
Cold Sore: Prevention
Avoid kissing & contact with people when blisters are present
-Avoid sharing utensils, towels lip balm
Cold Sores: CAre
OTC ointments, pain relievers, cold/warm compresses, avoid squeezing or picking blisters
Tonsilitis is most ofter _____ in nature
Viral
Risk factors of tonsilitis
-Being a school-aged child
-Contact with others
Tonsilitis: Signs/Symptoms
*Abdominal pain in children
-Red, swollen tonsils
-White patches on tonsils
-Headache/Chills
-Loss of voice
Tonsilitis: Tests/Diagnosis
Throat Swab (Strep/GABHS)
-CBC
When to see a medical doctor with tonsilitis
-Fever above 103, inability to swallow d/t pain, abdominal pain, stiff neck/weakness
-Drooling, epiglottitis
Self Care: Tonsilitis
Gargle with salt water, soothing liquids, drugs
Tonsillectomy
Used for kids when they have multiple serious infections
Thrush/Candidiasis
Sore, yellow-raised patches in mouth and throat
Thrush/Candidiasis is caused by
-Proliferation of Candida albicans
-Inhalsed corticosertoids (secondary)
Inhaled Corticosteroid Side Effects
-Oral Candidiasis or thrush: Try using spacer or rinsing mouth after inhalation
-Dysphonia: Change in patients voice, decrease dose temporarily
Candidiasis/Thrush: Care
-Good oral hygiene
-Healthy lifestyle
-Rinse after inhaler use
-Use spacer with inhalers
Leukoplakia
-Thickened, white plaque in mouth or on tongue or gums
Most common pre-cancerous growth in mouth
Leukoplakia
Leukoplakia: Risk Factors
Tobacco Use
-Chronic irritation (sharp tooth or broken denture)
-Long-term alcohol use
Care of Leukoplakia
See a dentist,
-Stop all tobacco use
Canker sores
Small yellowish white spots with red borders on soft tissues
-Inside mouth
-Will be very painful
-Not contagious
Canker sores are more common in:
Women
Causes of Apthous ulcers/canker sores
Stress
-Toothpastes containing SLS
-Accidental Cheek Bite
-Inflammatory bowel disease
-Altered oral floura
-Iron or B vitamin deficiency
Care for Canker Sores/Apthous Ulcers
Topical Pastes (alum, slippery elm powder, DGL)
-Nutritional Supplements: B complex, B12, folate, Zinc, C
-Avoid toothpastes with SLS
Cleft Palate is due to:
Incomplete fusion during pregnancy
Torus Palatinus
Bony growth on palate (usually midline)
Torus Palatinus is more common in:
-Asian/Inuit Populations
-Twice as common in females
Torus Mandibularis
-Bone growth on mandible on surface nearest to the tongue
In ____ of cases of torus mandibularis, there are bilateral tori on both sides
90%
Torus mandibularis is more common in
-Asian/Inuit populations
-Slightly more in males
Ankyloglossia
-Lingual frenulum is too short
-May interfere with swallowing, speech, playing instruments, or kissing later in life
Ankyloglossia: Treatment
Frenulectomy
