Lab

Question 1

Stye/Chalazion: Tests/Treatment

Answer 1

-Stye: Painful, tender, red, pus-filled infection of the glands
-Chalazion: Swelling in the eyelid caused by blockage of one of the glands that lubricate the eye
-Assessment: External Eye Exam
-Tx: Warm Compress

Question 2

Myopia or Hyperopia: Assessment/Tx

Answer 2

-Myopia: Near objects seen more clearly than far objects
-Hyperopia: Far objects seen more clearly than near objects
-Assessments: Snellen, Rosenbaum, Peripheral Fields
-Tx: Myopia: Corrective Lenses, Bates Exercises, Ortho K, Refractive Surgery; Hyperopia-Same as myopia & LASIK

Question 3

Macular Degeneration: Assessment

Answer 3

-Amsler Grid, Snellen, Peripheral Fields
-Tx:

Question 4

Tx: Myopia/Hyperopia/Macular Degeneration

Answer 4

-Non-Curable; Optometrist/Medical Follow Up
-Tx: Hyperopia (Glasses, contacts, LASIK), Myopia

Question 5

Tx: Macular Degeneration

Answer 5

-Non-Curable; Optometrist/Medical Follow Up
-Tx:

Question 6

Retinal Detachment: Assessment/Treatment

Answer 6

-Peripheral Fields, Snellen, Fundoscopic
-ER REFERRAL!

Question 7

Glaucoma: Assessment/Treatment

Answer 7

-Glaucoma: Increased internal eye pressure, blurred vision,
Assessment: Tangential Lighting, Fundoscopic exam Required* Can add cental field vision like Snellen/Rosenbaum
-ER REFERRAL

Question 8

Otititis Externa or Media: Assessment/Treatment

Answer 8

-Otitis Externa: Inflammation/infection of the external auditoy canal: Otalgia, hearing loss, fullness/pressure, itching or discharge
-Otitis Media: Inflammation of middle ear
-Assessment: Ear exam-Tug and Mastoid, otoscopic exam, can add hearing like acuity, weber etc.
-Tx: Muncie, gallbreath, ossicle maneuver, ear pump

Question 9

Cholesteatoma: Assessment/Treatment

Answer 9

-Symptoms: hearing loss, dizziness, pressure in ear, earache, drainage of pus
-Assessment: Hearing tests (Acuity, Weber, Rinne), Otoscopic Exam (May see tumor/middle ear disruption)
-Treatment: Medical management/Surgery

Question 10

Vertigo (Cervicogenic/BPPV)

Answer 10

-Symptoms: BPPV-Spinning when patient looks up or to one side, or when lying on one side/Cervicogenic-Caused by acute or chronic neck injuries
-Dix-Hallpike, Head fixed body turn test
-Tx: Epley maneuver (BPPV), Cervicogenic (CMT, muscle work)

Question 11

Sinusitis: Assessment/Treatment

Answer 11

-Symptoms: More face & head; Caused by common cold virus, allergies, asthma, nasal polyps
-Assessment: External Nose, Otoscopic Nose including Pen light, Nasal Patency
-Treatment: Sinus pump, massage, trigger point work

Question 12

Broken Nose (w/ or w/o epistaxis)

Answer 12

-Assessment: External nose, internal with pen light and otoscope. Can do part of the other face exams to check for orofacial integrity
-Treatment: Treat via referral for reduction if needed or packing if posterior epistaxis is present

Question 13

Strep Throat/GAHBS: Assessment/Treatment

Answer 13

-Strep Throat:
-GAHBS:
-Assessment: Mouth exam, cervical lymph nodes (tonsillar minimum) Throat exam
-Treatment: Medical follow up first, + other conservative management procedures

Question 14

Thrush: Assessment/Treatment

Answer 14

-Assessment: Mouth Exam
-Treatment: Call for antifungals

Question 15

Croup: Assessment

Answer 15

Neck & Mouth Exam

Question 16

Epiglottitis: Assessment

Answer 16

-Neck and Mouth Exam
-Refer to ER

Question 17

Emergency Cases:

Answer 17

Retinal detachment, closed angle glaucoma, epiglottitis,
-Non-congenital/trauma-induced anisocoria

Question 18

65 year old female who has the following complaint: “I am having trouble with my sight. Anything I seem to focus on becomes blurry, but when I look at it from the periphery I can kind of see it again”

Answer 18

-Central Vision Loss: Macular Degeneration

Question 19

Macular Degeneration

Answer 19

-Assessment: Fundoscopic Exam (Looking Drusen Bodies), Snellen Chart, Amsler Grid, Color Testing, Visual Field Exam
-Tx: Nutrition (Vitamin C, Vitamin E, Betacarotene, Zinc, Copper, Omega-3), Diet (Green leafy vegetables, fish, red grapes, oranges, cantaloupe, peppers, almonds), Lifestyle (Exercise, Stop smoking, lose weight, control hypertension), regular eye exams, limit exposure to sunlight

-Laser surgery, photodynamic therapy, injections VEGF

Question 20

Closed-Angle Glaucoma: Assessment/Treatment

Answer 20

-Assessment: Opthalmoscopy/Peripheral Vision
-Tx: Emergency! Refer to an opthamologist (Iredectomy)

Question 21

Non-Congenital Trauma-Associated Anisocoria: Assessment/Treatment

Answer 21

-Assessment: PERRLA (Maybe Eye Exam)
-Treatment: Refer to ER