Motor Vehicle Risk Flashcards
what is the the thrrd leading cause of death in the US and leading cause for 5-34 year olds?
traffic accidents,
What are the major causative factors associated with MV fatalities?
speeding, running a red, distracted driving, fatigue and impaired driving.
Alcohol-related accidents represent what % of fatalities? and How many people are killed each year due to drunk and drugges driving?
31%
15k
is alcohol a downer or upper?
downer on the CNS
what senses can be affected by alcohol consumption?
reaction time vision tracking concentration comprehension coordination - if used with another drug, the effects can increase
what is the alcohol limit for driving?
0.08% BAC blood alcohol concentration)
administrative liscence suspension protains to what law?
Driving privileges are suspended before conviction when a driver fails or refuses to take a chemical test.
what is an exception to the administtative license law?
A person can driver their car, if it is installed with an ignition interlock device.Its a breath analyzer that will precent the engine from starting if the devide detect a blood alochol level above legal limit.
Are open containers of alcohol permited in the passenger compartment of a vehicle?
No
How can someone get their DUI reduced or removed?
attend classes for safety training or alcohol/drug awareness. IR. DUI > reduced to reckless driving
what is the greatest age of propensity for speeding and what is the average speeding rate?
11mph/ over speed limit
and 18-24 y/a
what is the relation to excessive speeding and increased rates of accidents?
31% of fatalities are speeding related.
among fatally injured passenger vehicle occupants, more than half (52%) of those kills were due to what?
not being restrained.
are there more fatalities with car accidents or motorcycle accidents?
Motercycle, (37 x more likely to die in an accident, and 9x more likely to be injured)
Are rural areas or urban areas more at risk for fatalities?
Rural, (accounts for 55% of the fatalities).
who (men/wome) has a better mortality rate when it comes to car fatalities?
women, (its 3x higher for males to be in a crash)
why do teenage drivers have the highest crash rish?
inexperience, immaturity and psychomotor varity, pecerptual and congnitive skills.
in recent years, people ages 16-24 were involed in __ % of all alcohol related driving accidents, but only make up 14% of the driving population.
28%.
They are also involved in driving accidents at higher rates than older drivers with similar levels of blood alcohol.
what are some consequences to getting older, and becoming an elderly driver?
moderate decline in mental, motor, optic and auditory functions.
what is the cause of increased death rates from accidents in Elderly drivers?
frailty. They are involved in more fetal car crashes per mile than any other age group (except teenagers)
drivers over 75 have more that?
more traffic violations and nonfetal collisions.
what are the two most common violations for elderly drivers?
failure to yeild the right or way, and failure to obey a traffic sign.
As the elderly population increases in the next 20 years, older drivers are projected to be involved in up to how much percent of all crashes and fatalities?
17% of all crashes
25% of all fatalities.
what are the highest ranked occupations in terms, of motor vehicle accidents?
students, attorneys, architects and real estate agents. usually due to fatigue and sleep deprivation.
what are the occupations most highly ranked in terms of speeding?
students, military, manual laborers, politicians and architects.
what is the legislation reported to truck drivers, in terms of work hours and why?
Truck driving accidents ^ d/t fatigue. New legislation to limit truck drivers to no more than 11 hours in a row and 60 hours over 7 days, and rest `10 hours betwen shifts
!0% of fatal crashes and 10% of injury crashes were related to what, in terms of Motor vehicles?
Destracted driving.
What is the increased % risk for a car accident while using your cell phone? And how many young drivers survyed yes to willing answer a phone notificiation?
4 fold risl
68% answered they would.
how many states have prohibited all drivers from using handheld cell phones while driving?
12, and district of columbia, puerto rico, Guam and US virgin island.
How many states have band texting while driving?
41, district of colombia, Gyam, and US virgin island.
According to virginia tech transportation institute, texting while driving creates What increase % of risk of having an accident 2012.
23%
Aggressive driving increased where and why?
public highways with increased traffic, population densities and longer commutes. slow motion build stress.
Who is a great threat to common sober drivers than drunk drivers?
Aggressive and distracted drivers
what is the definition of road rage?
Assult with a motor vehicle or other dangerous weapon by the opertator or passenger of one motor vehicle on the operator or passangers of another mother vehicle, or is caused by an incident that occurred on a roadway.
what medical conditions can affect driving abilities?
single stroke, uncontrolled seizure disorder or diabetes,alzheimers, and other forms of dementia
how can cardiovascular disease affect dirivng safety ?
if associated with cerebral ischemia. Some states have waiting times between driving and implantation of a cardiac defibrilator.
temporary suspension periods exist on new dx of CVA or TIA.
how does diabetes affect someones ability to safely operate a motor vehicle?
musculoskeletal effects from peripheral neuropathy causing sensory deficits. May not be able to fully sense foot pedal functions. Hypoglycemic episodes can also cause accidents in drivers with diabetes
How can people diagnosed with bipolarism, dementia and psychotic disorders drive?
with medical consideration. People dx with alzheimers have 2x more risk of car accidents after the first year of dx than those who are not dx with AZ.
how can COPD affect someoens motor vehicle fatality risk?
if associate with respiratory failure resulting in cognitive impairment due to generalized hypoxia
How do seizure affect mortality risk?
seizures/epilepsy that are poorly controlled, have hx of unconsciousness, and syncope are serious concerns.
Can people with epilepsy drive?
before no, but now with the development of antiepileptic drugs it tends to be under control and therefore low risk for seizures while driving.
What could be considered a sleep disorder with a high fatality rate?
narcolepsry, sleep-disordered breathing, sleep apnea, and sleep deprivation account for daytime somnolence
driving with fatigue is eqivualent to driving with a blood alcohol concentration of what?
0.04 BAC
When would some one order a MVR?
with two or more admitted driving violation
what is an MVR important?
information on an MVR can screen out driving behaviours to avoid early death claims, providing a valuable piece of the overall risk analysis?
What does “admnistrative per se” mean on an MVR?
driver refuses to submit to testing of blood or urine for the presence of alcohol/ or breathalyzer. > leds to “on the spot” license suspension.
What does “interlock device” mean on an MVR?
Court-mandated breathalyzer that is connected to the ignition fo the motor vehicle. >required for repeat offenders. locks with detection of 0.02+
What does “implied consent” mean on an MVR?
applied to drivers who refuse to submit to approved test to determine intoxication.
What does “a conditional privilege” mean on an MVR?
this is a temporary privilege to drive, pending a court hearing to address an alcohol or drug related violation.
What does “Zero tolerance law” mean on an MVR?
targeted to young drivers, people under the age of 21 are not allowed to drive with any alcohol. typically 0.01%,+ , requires license suspension for one year, for drivers under 21- suspension applies to drivers under 21 who refuse the test.
A consistent pattern of poor driving habits can extend into what other traits?
immaturity, psychiatric problems, or substance abuse. (multiple speeding tickets, reckless driving, and DWI)
What other occupational factors should an u/w consider with serious driving offences?
aviation and avocation risks.
people participating in multiple avocations can represent an excessive pattern of risk-taking behaviors.
why is a revoked/suspended license a concern from an u/w perspective?
associated with a recent alcohol-related violation or of chronic patterns of driving violations.
suspensions can be non-moving related, including failure to provide insurance, failure to appear in court, failure to pay child support.
People driving with a suspended license are more of a risk. Why?
they are more likely to be associated with unfavourable mortality and increased lapse potential.
What is used to assign risks with drivers with a history? (table or flate rate)
better represented by a mortality multiple. Flat rates reflect the idea that only recent infractions matter, rather than a collective history of driving patterns.
Why is an MVR a good source for u/w a risk?
its low-cost, that does not inconvenience the proposed insured and remains an efficient means of confirming driving history statements.
what should an u/w focus on, when adverse findings are developed?
attention focus on age, experience, financial status, job stability, lifestyle, medical history, any alcohol or drug use, and over reputation for a comprehensive approach. [picture the whole risk].
what is the difference between aggressive driving and road rage?
aggressive: harassment, intimidation or intent to injure or obstruct others, while speeing, unsafe lane changes, with angry behavior.
road rage: criminal offence defined as assault with a motor vehicle or dangerous weapon (by driver or passenger) onto the operator or passenger of another motor vehicle / causes accident
