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Neuro-E2 > Motor Tracts > Flashcards

Motor Tracts Flashcards

1
Q

Types of LMN fibers

A

Gamma - project to intrafusal muscle spindle

Alpha motor - project to extrafusal skeletal m

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2
Q

What type of movement does the direct corticospinal tract induce

A

Voluntary

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3
Q

Medial corticospinal tract is for

A

Postural m

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4
Q

Lateral corticospinal tract is for

A

Limb muscles

Fractionation

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5
Q

What part of the internal capsule do the fibers of the direct corticospinal tract travel through

A

Posterior limb

same as medial corticospinal tract

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6
Q

Where does the corticospinal tract decussate

A

Pyramids of the lower medulla

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7
Q

which arteries supply the posterior limb of the IC

A

lenticulostriate a (off MCA) and anterior choroidal a

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8
Q

what does the corticobulbar tract influence

A

muscles innervated by cranial nerves

NOT eye movements

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9
Q

what part of the IC does the corticobulbar tract travel through

A

the genu of the IC

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10
Q

where is the corticobulbar tract located in comparison to the corticospinal tract(s)

A

medial

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11
Q

where are LMNs innervating extensors located in the ventral horn

A

ventral

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12
Q

where are LMNs innervating flexors located in the ventral horn

A

dorsal

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13
Q

what is the purpose of indirect somatic motor pathways

A

tonically activate antigravity and axial LMNs

keeps a basal rate of firing to maintain a natural tone

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14
Q

where are cell bodies located in the tectospinal tract of medial UMN tracts

A

midbrain, superior colliculus

axons synapse in contralat. ventral horn

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15
Q

where are cell bodies located in the medial reticulospinal tract of medial UMN tracts

A

pons, reticular formation

axons synapse in ipsilat. ventral horn

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16
Q

where are cell bodies located in the lateral and medial vestibulospinal tracts of medial UMN tracts

A

medulla, vestibular nuclei
medial axons synapse in contralat. ventral horn
lateral axons synapse in ipsilat. ventral horn

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17
Q

where are cell bodies located in the rubrospinal tract of the lateral UMN tracts

A

midbrain, red nucleus

axons synapse in contralat. ventral horn

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18
Q

where are cell bodies located in the lateral reticulospinal tract of the lateral UMN tracts

A

medullary reticular formation

axons synapse in ipsilat. ventral horn

19
Q

medial LMNs receive input from

A

med and lat vestibulospinal
med corticospinal
med reticulospinal
tectospinal

20
Q

lateral LMNs recieve input from

A

lat corticospinal
lat reticulospinal
rubrospinal

21
Q

what does lateral vestibulospinal tract innervate

A

ipsilat. LMNs innervating postural m and limb extensors (respond to gravity)

22
Q

what does medial vesibulospinal tract innervate

A

ipsi and contralat LMNs innervating neck and shoulder ms. (up to T2-T3?)

23
Q

what does medial reticulospinal tract innervate

A

ipsilat. LMNs innervating postural m and limb extensors (reaction to mvmt and alert?)

24
Q

what does lateral reticulospinal tract innervate

A

bilat. LMNs fascilitates flexor motor neurons and inhibits extensor motor neurons

25
Q

what does rubrospinal tract innervate

A

contralat. LMNs innervating upper limb flexors

26
Q

what does tectospinal tract innervate

A

contralat. LMNs innervating neck m.

turns head to where eyes are looking?

27
Q

LMN lesion signs

A 
flaccid paralysis
muscle atrophy (chronic)
hyporeflexia or areflexia
hypotonia
denervation hypersensitivity (fasciculations)
28
Q

UMN syndrome

A

loss of corticospinal (direct) tract and loss of regulation from indirect pathway

29
Q

UMN lesion signs

A

CST:
loss of distal extremity strength and dexterity
babinski sign
hypertonia
spasticity - UMN lesion (rate dependent resistance)
rigidity - basal ganglia disease (not rate or force
dependent)
hyperreflexia

30
Q

determining LMN lesion location

A

clinical signs on same side as lesion

31
Q

determining UMN lesion location

A

above lower medulla, clinical signs are contralat. to
lesion
in spinal cord, clinical signs ipsilat. to lesion

32
Q

Decorticate posture

A

above level of red nucleus (arms make C’s)

33
Q

Decerebrate posture

A

below red nucleus but above reticulospinal and vestibulospinal nuclei

34
Q

Hemisection (brown-sequard syndrome)

A

pain and temp loss of contralat. side (ALS)
ipsilat. discriminative touch, proprioception loss
(PCMLS)
LMN at lesion
UMN ipsilat. lesion ~2 lvl down?

35
Q

syringomyelia

motor tracts ppt

A

associated with chiari type 1
pain and temp lost first (ALS)
motor lost if ventral horn affected
UMN lost if lat. CST affected

36
Q

Anterior cord syndrome

A

compression or damage to anterior portion of spinal cord

37
Q

central cord syndrome

A

compression and damage to central portion of spinala cord

usually due to cervical hyperextension

38
Q

medial medullary syndrome (dejerine syndrome)
what structures affected
what vessel could cause this

A

CN XII nucleas – lick your wounds
medial lemniscus – (PCMLS) contralat. loss of
discriminative touch, propioception, vibratory sense
pyramids – contralat. UMN lesion sx.

area supplied by Ant spinal a.

39
Q

lateral medullary syndrome (wallenberg syndrome)
what structures affected
what vessel could cause this

A

ALS – contralat. pain and temp to body
trigem. spinal – ipsilat. pain and temp to face
nucleas ambiguus – CN IX and X
vestibular nuclei – nystagmus, vertigo
hypothalamic tract – ipsilat. horner
inf. cerebellar peduncle – cerebellar ataxia?

area supplied by PICA

40
Q

lesions of corticobulbar tract can lead to which types of palsy

A

central 7 palsy

bell’s palsy

41
Q

central 7 palsy

A

upper facial m. are controlled bilaterally
lower facial m. are controlled only by contralat.
hemisphere
lesion rostral to facial nucleas –> drooping of corner
mouth contralat. to lesion

42
Q

bell’s palsy

A

ipsilat. flaccid paralysis of upper and lower face

43
Q

Weber syndrome

structures affected

A

midbrain
CST – UMN s & sx to UE and LE
CB – central 7 palsy
CNIII – down and out

44
Q

Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS)

A

destroys only somatic motor neurons

UMNs, brainstem, and sc LMNs

Neuro-E2 (12 decks)

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