Motor Learning Skills Flashcards
What is the definition of a skill?
An action or task that has a specific goal to achieve.
What is the definition of a motor skill?
A skill that requires voluntary body and/or limb movement to achieve its goal.
What is the definition of a action?
A goal directed activity that consist of body and/or limb movements.
What is the definition of movement?
Behavioural characteristics of specific limbs that are component parts of an action or motor skill.
What are the 3 areas in which a skill can achieve its desired goal?
Maximising the outcome certainty.
Minimising the physical and mental energy costs.
Minimising the time used.
What is Co-ordination?
Co-ordination applies to the successful integration of the sensory, nervous and musculoskeletal systems in controlling complex movements.
Skill can be split in what 2 areas?
Motor Skill.
Cognitive Skill.
What is Cognitive skill?
Cognitive skill relies on thought processes as the means of achieving a successful outcome.
What are the 6 classifications of a motor skill?
Fine motor skill. Discrete motor skill. Serial motor skill. Continuous motor skill. Closed motor skill. Open motor skill.
What is a fine motor skill?
Control of the small muscles involved with hand eye co-ordination. E.g handwriting.
What is a discrete motor skill?
It has a clear beginning and end with a brief duration of movement. E.g Kicking a ball.
What is a serial motor skill?
A series or sequence of discrete movements. E.g Changing gears in a car.
What is a continuous skill?
Usually contains repetitive movements. E.g Swimming.
What is a closed motor skill?
Is if the environment is stable and does not change whilst the person is performing a skill. E.g Hitting a golf ball.
What is a open motor skill?
It is performed in a non stable environment, where the object or context is in motion during the performance of the skill. E.g Playing tennis.
Sensory input requires on which 3 things?
Proprioception.
Vision.
Hearing.
Proprioception is broken down into which 3 elements?
Balance.
Co-ordination.
Agility.
what 5 things do we rely on from proprioceptive receptors?
Touch. Pain. Pressure. Temperature. Grip strength.
What are the 3 stages of learning a skill?
Cognitive Stage: Individuals use environmental cues and past experiences.
Associative Stage: Effective movement is obtained which becomes constant.
Autonomic Stage: Movement happens on its own.
What are the 3 types of practice?
Blocked practice: Repetitive drills.
Random practice: Carrying out skills in random order.
Variable practice: Same skill execution, but with differing outcome requirements.
