MOTIVATION & EMOTION Flashcards

1
Q

Motivation

A

(concerned with WHY behavior)
state in which an organism experience an inducement or incentive to do something

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Motives

A

hypothetical states that activate behavior, propelling us toward goals

(a hypothetical state
within an organism that propels the
organism toward a goal)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Need

A

state of deprivation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Drive

A

condition of arousal in an organism that is associated with need

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Incentive

A

(object, person, or situation) that can satisfy a need or is desirable for its own sake.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Instinct

A

(inherited disposition) to activate specific behavior patterns that enable an organism to reach specific goals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Drive-reduction Theory

A

(view) organisms learn to engage in behaviors that have the effect of reducing drives

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Primary and Acquired Drives

A

Primary: hunger, thirst, pain
Acquired: money

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Homeostasis

A

tendency of the body to maintain a steady state

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Self-Actualization

A

(Maslow) believed that we are separated from other animals by our capacity for this

the self-initiated striving to become what we are capable of

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Heirarchy of Needs

A

Maslow’s ordering of needs from most basic
(physiological needs such as hunger)
and thirst) to most elaborate and
sophisticated (self-actualization)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Satiety

A

the state of being satisfied; fullness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Ventromedial Nucleus (VMN)

A

central area on the underside of the hypothalamus that appears to function as a “stop-eating center”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

hyperphagic

A

excessive eating (when VMN is cut off, the subject will continue to eat until its weight is doubled)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Lateral Hypothalamus

A

area at the side of the hypothalamus that appears to function as a “start-eating center”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

aphagic

A

under eating (however, will still eat if forced but at its own and levels off at a relatively low body weight)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

adaptive thermogenesis

A

adaptive mechanism that causes the body to produce less energy (burn fewer calories) when we go on a diet.

18
Q

Eating Disorders

A

characterized by the persistent gross disturbances in eating patterns

19
Q

Anorexia Nervosa

A

(life threatening eating disorder)
extreme fear of being too heavy, dramatic weight loss, a distorted body image, resistance to eating enough to reach/maintain a healthful weight

20
Q

Female Athlete Triad

A

problem affecting female athletes (especially in college)
1. low energy
2. menstrual problems
3. loss of bone density

21
Q

Bulimia Nervosa

A

(eating disorder) repeated cycles of binge eating and purging

22
Q

Activating Effect

A

arousal-producing effects of sex hormones that increase the likelihood of sexual behavior

23
Q

Estrus

A

periodical sexual excitement of many female mammals as governed by the levels of sex hormones

24
Q

Sexual Response Cycle

A

Masters and Johnson’s model of sexual response which has 4 stages: excitement, plateau, orgasm, and resolution

25
Q

Vasocongestion

A

swelling of the genital tissues with blood, causing erection of penis and swelling of the area sorrounding the vaginal opening.

26
Q

Myotonia

A

muscle tension, which causes grimaces, spasms in the hands and feet and the spasms of orgasm

27
Q

Excitement Phase

A

vasocongestion causes erection to males, vaginal lubrication to females

28
Q

Plateau Phase

A

level of sexual arousal is stable, testes are elevated into position for ejaculation.

swells the outer part of the vagina and inner vagina expands further

29
Q

Orgasmic Phase

A

men prepel semen

women has 3-15 contractions of the pelvic muscle that sorround the vaginal muscle

30
Q

Resolution Phase

A

(stage after orgasm) men enter a refractory period (where they cannot experience another orgasm/ejaculate)

women on the other hand does not experience this and can become aroused if they so desire

31
Q

LGBT Activist, Homosexual, Bisexual, Gay, Lesbian, Heterosexual

A

-person who fights/advocates for lgbt rights
-person who are sexually aroused & interested in forming romantic rels with people of the same gender
-person who is erotically attracted to both women and men
-male homosexual
-female homosexual
-person who are sexually aroused by people of the other gender

32
Q

Gender Identity

A

one’s psychological sense of being female, male, or somewhere in between

33
Q

Gender Nonconformity

A

not behaving in a way that is consistent with the
gender-role stereotype associated with one’s anatomic sex in a given culture

34
Q

Achievement Motivation

A

when people strive relentlessly to get ahead, to make it, to earn large sums of money, to invent, to accomplish the impossible

35
Q

Thematic Apperception Test

A

(henry murray) shows cards wth photos and drawings that can be interpreted in many ways.

36
Q

Emotion

A

state of feeling that has cognitive, psychological, and behavioral components

37
Q

Sympathetic Nervous System

A

the branch of the Autonomic Nervous System that is most active during processes that spend body energy from stored reserves (like fight or flight reaction)

38
Q

Parasympathetic Nervous System

A

the branch of the autonomic nervous
system that is most active during
processes that restore reserves
of energy to the body, such as
relaxing and eating

39
Q

Positive Psychology

A

field of psych about personal well-being and satisfaction; joy, sensual pleasure, and happiness; and optimism and hope for the future

40
Q

Facial-feedback Hypothesis

A

(view) that stereotypical facial expressions can contribute to stereotypical emotions

41
Q
A