MEMORY

Question 1

EXPLICIT MEMORY (DECLARATIVE)

Answer 1

memory for specific information (CLEARLY STATED/EXPLAINED)

Question 2

2 KINDS OF EXPLICIT MEMORIES
1. EPISODIC (autobiographical)

Answer 2

memories that takes place in our presence

(what u ate for bfast, what your prof said in class)

Question 3

2 KINDS OF EXPLICIT MEMORIES
2. SEMANTIC

Answer 3

meanings (what u know/general knowledge)

(u know who wrote the bible without being there during the time it was being written)

Question 4

IMPLICIT MEMORY (NON-DECLARATIVE)

Answer 4

memory of how to perform a task (skilled or procedural

(typing, eating, showering)

Question 5

PRIMING

Answer 5

activation of specific associations in memory, often thru repetition and without making conscious effort to access the memory

Question 6

RETROSPECTIVE MEMORY

Answer 6

memory for PAST events, activities, learning experiences.

Question 7

PROSPECTIVE MEMORY

Answer 7

memory to perform an act in the FUTURE

Question 8

1ST STAGE: ENCODES (info processing)

Answer 8

modifies info so it can be placed into memory (encoding of stimuli into memory)

Question 9

2ND STAGE: STORAGE (info processing)

Answer 9

maintaining info over time

Question 10

MAINTENANCE REHEARSAL (storage)

Answer 10

mentally repeating the list/saying it over and over again

Question 11

ELABORATIVE REHEARSAL (storage)

Answer 11

relating new info to already known info (extending semantic meaning to what u already know)

Question 12

3RD STAGE: RETRIEVAL (info processing)

Answer 12

locating the stored info and returning it to consciousness

Question 13

RICHARD SHIFFRIN (3 STAGES OF MEMORY)

Answer 13

SENSORY:

Question 14

MEMORY

Answer 14

process where info is encoded, stored, and retrieved

Question 15

SENSORY MEMORY

Answer 15

memory first encountered by a stimulus

although brief, it is long enough so a series of perceptions are continuous

Question 16

ICONIC MEMORY (sensory)

Answer 16

sensory register that briefly holds mental representation of visual stimuli

ICON: mental representation of visual stimuli

Question 17

EIDETIC IMAGERY

Answer 17

ability to retain exact mental representations of visual stimuli of a long time

Question 18

ECHOIC MEMORY

Answer 18

mental representations of auditory stimuli (sounds)

Question 19

SHORT TERM MEMORY (working memory)

Answer 19

stage of memory that can hold info for up to a minute or so after the trace or stimulus decays (“working kasi conscious” - rehearsed or repeated info)

Question 20

SERIAL POSITION EFFECT

Answer 20

tendency to recall more accurately the 1ST and LAST items in a series

Question 21

CHUNK(ING) (GEORGE MILLER)

Answer 21

group of stimuli that are perceived as a discrete piece of information

Question 22

DISPLACEMENT (DISPLACE)

Answer 22

(in memory theory)

to cause information to be lost from SHORT TERM MEMORY by adding new info

Question 23

LONG TERM MEMORY

Answer 23

type of memory storage capable of PERMANENT storage

Question 24

REPRESSION

Answer 24

(freud’s psychodynamic theory)

the ejection of anxiety evoking ideas from conscious awareness

Question 25

SCHEMAS

Answer 25

way of mentally representing the world such as BELIEF/EXPECTATIONS that can influence perceptions of persons, objects, and situations

Question 26

SELF REFERENCE EFFECT

Answer 26

infos are easier to remember when its connected to u (high levels of recall when asked to relate words meaningfully)

Question 27

TIP OF THE TONGUE PHENOMENON (TOT)

Answer 27

when info is restored in memory but it cannot be easily retrieved

Question 28

CONTEXT DEPENDENT MEMORY

Answer 28

info that is better retrieved in the context in which it was learned/experienced

Question 29

STATE DEPENDENT MEMORY

Answer 29

info that is better retrieved in the physiological/emotional state in which it was learned/experienced

Question 30

NONSENSE SYLLABLES

Answer 30

meaningless set of 2 consonants with a vowel sandwiched in between (used to study memory)

Question 31

PAIRED ASSOCIATES

Answer 31

(used in recall) nonsense syllables presented in pairs in experiments to measure recall

Question 32

(memory tasks) RECOGNITION RECALL RELEARNING

Answer 32

1. aspect of forgetting is failure to recognize something we have experienced 2. use or nonsense syllables 3. relearning what we knew

Question 33

METHODS OF SAVINGS (efficiency of relearning)

Answer 33

measure of retention in which it CALCULATES the diff between the number of REPETITIONS needed to LEARN a list and the number of REPETITIONS needed to RE-LEARN after a CERTAIN amount of time has elapsed

Question 34

SAVINGS

Answer 34

the diff between the number of REPETITIONS needed to LEARN a list and the number of REPETITIONS needed to RE-LEARN after a CERTAIN amount of time has elapsed

Question 35

INTERFERENCE THEORY

Answer 35

view that newly learned material interferes with old memories in STM and LTM

Question 36

RETROACTIVE INTERFERENCE

Answer 36

interference of NEW LEARNING to the ability to retrieve PREVIOUSLY learned material

Question 37

PROACTIVE INTERFERENCE

Answer 37

interference of OLD LEARNING to the ability to retrieve NEWLY learned material

Question 38

DISSIOCIATIVE AMNESIA (memory disorder)

Answer 38

loss of memory of personal information that is thought to stem from trauma

Question 39

INFANTILE AMNESIA (childhood amnesia)

Answer 39

inability to recall events the happen b4 the age of 3 or so

Question 40

ANTEROGRADE AMNESIA

Answer 40

failure to remember events that happened after the physical trauma

Question 41

RETROGRADE AMNESIA

Answer 41

failure to remember events that happened before the physical trauma

Question 42

ENGRAM

Answer 42

assumed electrical circuit in the brain that corresponds to a memory trace

Question 43

LONG TERM POTENTIATION (LTP)

Answer 43

enhanced efficiency in synaptic transmission that follows brief rapid stimulation