Motivation and Work (Ch 11 ) & Emotions, Stress, and Health (Ch 12) Flashcards
Drive reduction theory
the idea that a physiological need creates an aroused tension state (a drive) that motivates an orgnaism to satisfy the need
What is a physiological need?
the lowest level of Maslow’s motivational hierarchy of needs, consisting of water, sleep, air, food, etc.
incentive
a positive or negative environmental stimulus that motivates behavior
the aroma of good food can motivate behavior
heirarchy
- Maslow
- physiological needs must be satisfied first before higher level safety needs and then psychological needs become active
Self-Transcendence Self-Actualization Esteem Belongingness and Love Saftely needs Physiological Needs SSEBSP
Insulin
increases in hormone insulin (secreted by pancreas) diminish blood glucose, partly by converting it to stored fat
-dropped blood glucose -> hunger
insulin insulates you by converting your blood glucose to stored fat
Set point
- where one’s “weight thermostat” is set
- hunger/metabolic rateadjusts when weight varies from the set point
- some may say its more like a “settling point”
basal metabolic rate
the body’s resting rate of energy expenditure
basal = base metabolic = metabolism
Binge-eating disorder
significant binge-eating episodes, followed by distress, disgust, guilt, but without hte compensatory purging, fasting, or excessive exercise that marks bulimia nervosa
-2.8% of population
Relative depravation
the experience of being deprived of something to which one believes oneself to be entitled
first world problems
Fraternal birth order effect
if one is right-handed, hte more the number of older brothers they have, the more likely they are to be gay
Yerkes-Dodson Law
performance increases with physiological/mental arousal up to a point
lateral hypothalamus
various maintenance functions, including control of hunger
churns out orexin when food deprived
Lateral Hypothalamus = Location for Hunger
Unit bias
People seem to think that a unit of some entity (with certain constraints) is the appropriate and optimal amount. We refer to this heuristic as unit bias.
the tendency to want to finish a given unit of a task or an item
if given small meal portions, people will eat less, because if given a large portion they will want to eat all of it
ostracism
when someone is excluded from a social circle
—>can lead to school shootings
facial feedback
movement can influence emotional experience
teeth/lips comics in class example: people who had pencil in mouth (forcing mouth to form smiling expression) laughed more at comics that those who had frowning expressions
