Motivation and Work (Ch 11 ) & Emotions, Stress, and Health (Ch 12) Flashcards
Drive reduction theory
the idea that a physiological need creates an aroused tension state (a drive) that motivates an orgnaism to satisfy the need
What is a physiological need?
the lowest level of Maslow’s motivational hierarchy of needs, consisting of water, sleep, air, food, etc.
incentive
a positive or negative environmental stimulus that motivates behavior
the aroma of good food can motivate behavior
heirarchy
- Maslow
- physiological needs must be satisfied first before higher level safety needs and then psychological needs become active
Self-Transcendence Self-Actualization Esteem Belongingness and Love Saftely needs Physiological Needs SSEBSP
Insulin
increases in hormone insulin (secreted by pancreas) diminish blood glucose, partly by converting it to stored fat
-dropped blood glucose -> hunger
insulin insulates you by converting your blood glucose to stored fat
Set point
- where one’s “weight thermostat” is set
- hunger/metabolic rateadjusts when weight varies from the set point
- some may say its more like a “settling point”
basal metabolic rate
the body’s resting rate of energy expenditure
basal = base metabolic = metabolism
Binge-eating disorder
significant binge-eating episodes, followed by distress, disgust, guilt, but without hte compensatory purging, fasting, or excessive exercise that marks bulimia nervosa
-2.8% of population
Relative depravation
the experience of being deprived of something to which one believes oneself to be entitled
first world problems
Fraternal birth order effect
if one is right-handed, hte more the number of older brothers they have, the more likely they are to be gay
Yerkes-Dodson Law
performance increases with physiological/mental arousal up to a point
lateral hypothalamus
various maintenance functions, including control of hunger
churns out orexin when food deprived
Lateral Hypothalamus = Location for Hunger
Unit bias
People seem to think that a unit of some entity (with certain constraints) is the appropriate and optimal amount. We refer to this heuristic as unit bias.
the tendency to want to finish a given unit of a task or an item
if given small meal portions, people will eat less, because if given a large portion they will want to eat all of it
ostracism
when someone is excluded from a social circle
—>can lead to school shootings
facial feedback
movement can influence emotional experience
teeth/lips comics in class example: people who had pencil in mouth (forcing mouth to form smiling expression) laughed more at comics that those who had frowning expressions
cartharsis
an emotional release
theory that releasing aggressive energy relieve aggressive urges
-go punch your pillow
Feel-good, do-good phenomenon
people’s tendency to be helpful when already in a good mood
-doing an act of kindness when you see someone elese doing one
type A personality
determined, agressive, goal-driving, time conscious as opposed to being chill
-impatient, anger prone
Flow
being fully immersed in a feeling of energized focus, full unvolvement, and enloyment in the process of activity
when I cram for psych tests I am in the “flow mode”
James-Lange Theory
our expienrec of emotion is our awareness of our psychological responses to emotion-arousing stimuli
stimulus > arousal >emotion
Cannon-Bard Theory
emotion arousing stimulus simeoultaneously triggers
1) physiological responses
2) subjective experience of emotion
stimulus > arousal
> emotion
Spillover effect
arousal from one emotional state (anger) can spillover into another (just)
an enraged murderer may rape someone
William James on entities
We feel sad bc we cry, angry bc we strike, afraid bc we tremble
