Motivation And Leadership

Question 1

What was Maslow’s 5 hierarchies?

Answer 1

-physiological needs
-safety needs
-social/belonging needs
-esteem needs
-self - actualisation

Question 2

describe physiological needs

Answer 2

Ensuring staff have basic pay and a safe working enviroment

Question 3

Describe safety

Answer 3

Ensuring that staff feel they have job security through permanent contacts and receiving a fair wage

Question 4

Describe social/love/belonging

Answer 4

Ensuring employees feel that they belong to the group,have support, good communication and teamwork

Question 5

Describe esteem

Answer 5

Providing recognition to the employees through praise, promotions, training, opportunities to leading projects and wage increases

Question 6

Describe self - actualisation

Answer 6

Providing opportunities for promotion, creativity, challenge and helping staff reach full potential

Question 7

What did herzbergs 2 factor theory include?

Answer 7

-motivation factors —> provide motivation and job satisfaction
-hygiene factors —> do not increase motivation but the motivation of employees may fall if these are not present

Question 8

What are motivator factors?

Answer 8

-opportunities for promotion
-recognition and praise
-being given responsibility
-being given a particular challenge
-sense of personal achievement
-personal growth

Question 9

What are hygiene factors?

Answer 9

-recieving a fair salary
-job security
-good working conditions
-work life balance

Question 10

What are the benefits of motivation?

Answer 10

-higher productivity as employees are more likely to apply themselves
-higher quality production as employees will take more pride in their work
-lower absences since employees are happier at work
-lower staff turnover since there is higher job satisfaction

Question 11

What are the 3 leadership styles?

Answer 11

Autocratic
Democratic
Laissez-faire

Question 12

What is autocratic?

Answer 12

-leaders make decisions without consulting staff lower down
-employees told what to do and given clear instruction

Question 13

What are the advantages of autocratic?

Answer 13

-decisions made quickly by manager which can make business more efficient
-employees have clear instructions/expectations of requirements
-decisions are made by the most experienced members

Question 14

What are disadvantages of autocratic?

Answer 14

-employees may feel controlled which can lead to high employee turnover
-employees ideas and creativity might not be considered which can be demotivating
-amount of decision making can be stressful for managers

Question 15

What is democratic leadership?

Answer 15

-employees are consulted before decisions are made
-managers and employees work together to make decisions

Question 16

What are advantages of democratic?

Answer 16

-employees highly engaged in projects and decisions meaning higher motivation
-employees can use initiative which allows creativity
-staff may be more willing to accept changes if they are involved in the decisions

Question 17

What are disadvantages of democratic?

Answer 17

-delays in decision making as more people are involved and consulting a large number of staff takes time
-mistakes can be made if workers are not skilled enough

Question 18

What is laissez-faire?

Answer 18

Leaders give team members a lot of freedom to how they do their work
Employees make own decisions and solve problems with little support

Question 19

What are the advantages of laissez faire?

Answer 19

-effective in situations where staff are highly skilled and motivated
-because of responsibility level, employees may feel empowered and motivated
-the working environment is more relaxed which many employees prefer

Question 20

what are the disadvantages of laissez faire?

Answer 20

• ineffective if employees aren’t experiences
  -some employees may feel pressure if they have no support which can lead to stress
  -poor quality of work or mistakes if there is inadequate supervision or control