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Principles of management > Motivation > Flashcards

Motivation Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 4 main motivation theories

A

Taylor scientific management (taylorism), Maslow hierarchy of needs, Herzberg’s two factors and Mayos school of though

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2
Q

What did taylor believe motivated employees?

A

Money

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3
Q

What are the core beliefs of taylorism?

A

Science could be use to increase efficiency and a more efficient workforce
Workers should only be given one task to master
Workers don’t have to be skilled just highly productive at one job

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4
Q

What is taylors famous quote?

A

“In the past man has been first, in the future the system must be first”

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5
Q

What did the time and motion study do and prove?

A

The study broke down different tasks to see the quickest way in order for employees to be able to replicate

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6
Q

What are the pros of taylorism?

A

Increased productivity
Fewer employees which maximise profit
Consistent quality
Clear roles and tasks

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7
Q

What are the cons of taylorism?

A

Can lead to employee dissatisfaction
Loss of individual initiative
Focuses more on productivity than employee well-being.
May result in a lack of flexibility for dealing with unexpected issues.

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8
Q

What are maslow’s 5 sets of basic human needs?

A

Safety, social, esteem, self-actualisation and physiological

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9
Q

What is the order of the basic human needs?

A

Physiological(bottom), safety(4), social(3), esteem(2) and self-actualisation(top)

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10
Q

What does physiological needs mean?

A

Needs that are vital to our survival eg water, shelter and food

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11
Q

What are examples of how businesses can meet employees physiological needs?

A

Staff given free food during break
Paid breaks/multiple breaks
Minimum wage

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12
Q

What does safety needs mean?

A

How safe a person feels based on health and wealth. The need for job security and a safe work environment

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13
Q

What are examples of how businesses can meet employees safety needs?

A

Fair pay
Offering permanent contracts
Health benefits
Safe and clean workplaces

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14
Q

What does the stage social needs?

A

Our natural desire to feel loved, accepted, valued and wanted

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15
Q

What are examples of how businesses can meet employees social needs?

A

Team meetings
Team building workshops
Feedback options
Clear roles and involvement
Supportive management

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16
Q

What does the stage esteem needs mean?

A

The need for respect, value, recognition and appreciation. Alongside a sense of self-worth and pride.

17
Q

What are examples of how businesses can meet employees esteem needs?

A

Bonuses
Employee of the month
Rewards/ Reward schemes
Promotion
Positive feedback

18
Q

What does the stage self-actualisation mean?

A

The stage where a person achieves their full potential as a human being

19
Q

What are examples of how businesses can meet employees self actualisation needs?

A

Career development programs
Promotion
Performance based bonuses

20
Q

Pros and cons of maslow’s hierachy

A

Pros
Straightforward
Human nature
Cons
Humans are complex so responses to needs vary depending on each person
Difficult to judge what stage a person is on

21
Q

What are herzberg’s two factors?

A

Hygiene and motivators

22
Q

What is the role of hygiene factors?

A

They prevent dissatisfaction but do not motivate employees.

23
Q

What is the role of the motivators ?

A

They actively increase job satisfaction and motivation.

24
Q

Hygiene factors examples?

A

Job security
Relationships
Salary
Conditions
Policies

25
Q

Name some Motivator examples

A

Growth
Advancement
Varied work
Recognition

26
Q

Pros of herzbergs theory?

A

Separates satisfaction and dissatisfaction.
Focuses on motivators for engagement.
Encourages better work conditions.
Helps retain employees.

27
Q

Cons of herzbergs theory?

A

Assumes all employees are the same.
Ignores cultural or personal differences.
May not apply to all industries.
Overemphasises job enrichment.

28
Q

What theory did mayo agree with?

A

Taylorism

29
Q

What did mayo believe?

A

Social factors not physical factors were key to increasing employee motivation and productivity.He also believed that positive relationships with managers and employees are key and that money is a motivator but not the sole motivation.

30
Q

What are the criticisms of Mayo’s theory?

A

The experiment was unscientific due to its environment and participant numbers.
It oversimplifies human behaviour.
Ignores potential workplace conflicts.
Assumes all workers value social needs equally.

31
Q

List 5 financial motivators

A

Bonuses
Benefits
Pension
Paid time off/paid breaks
Uncapped commission

32
Q

List 5 non-financial motivators

A

Job satisfaction
Praise
Recognition
Self-actualisation
Sense of self-worth

Principles of management (7 decks)

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