Motivation Flashcards
What are the 4 main motivation theories
Taylor scientific management (taylorism), Maslow hierarchy of needs, Herzberg’s two factors and Mayos school of thoughti
What did taylor believe motivated employees?
Money
What are the core beliefs of taylorism?
Science could be use to increase efficiency and a more efficient workforce
Workers should only be given one task to master
Workers don’t have to be skilled just highly productive at one job
What is taylors famous quote?
“In the past man has been first, in the future the system must be first”
What did the time and motion study do and prove?
The study broke down different tasks to see the quickest way in order for employees to be able to replicate
What are the pros of taylorism?
Increased productivity
Fewer employees which maximise profit
Consistent quality
Clear roles and tasks
What are the cons of taylorism?
Can lead to employee dissatisfaction
Loss of individual initiative
Focuses more on productivity than employee well-being.
May result in a lack of flexibility for dealing with unexpected issues.
What are maslow’s 5 sets of basic human needs?
Safety, social, esteem, self-actualisation and physiological
What is the order of the basic human needs?
Physiological(bottom), safety(4), social(3), esteem(2) and self-actualisation(top)
What does physiological needs mean?
Needs that are vital to our survival eg water, shelter and food
What are examples of how businesses can meet employees physiological needs?
Staff given free food during break
Paid breaks/multiple breaks
Minimum wage
What does safety needs mean?
How safe a person feels based on health and wealth. The need for job security and a safe work environment
What are examples of how businesses can meet employees safety needs?
Fair pay
Offering permanent contracts
Health benefits
Safe and clean workplaces
What does the stage social needs?
Our natural desire to feel loved, accepted, valued and wanted
What are examples of how businesses can meet employees social needs?
Team meetings
Team building workshops
Feedback options
Clear roles and involvement
Supportive management
What does the stage esteem needs mean?
The need for respect, value, recognition and appreciation. Alongside a sense of self-worth and pride.
What are examples of how businesses can meet employees esteem needs?
Bonuses
Employee of the month
Rewards/ Reward schemes
Promotion
Positive feedback
What does the stage self-actualisation mean?
The stage where a person achieves their full potential as a human being
What are examples of how businesses can meet employees self actualisation needs?
Career development programs
Promotion
Performance based bonuses
Pros and cons of maslow’s hierachy
Pros
Straightforward
Human nature
Cons
Humans are complex so responses to needs vary depending on each person
Difficult to judge what stage a person is on
What are herzberg’s two factors?
Hygiene and motivators
What is the role of hygiene factors?
They prevent dissatisfaction but do not motivate employees.
What is the role of the motivators ?
They actively increase job satisfaction and motivation.
Hygiene factors examples?
Job security
Relationships
Salary
Conditions
Policies
Name some Motivator examples
Growth
Advancement
Varied work
Recognition
Pros of herzbergs theory?
Separates satisfaction and dissatisfaction.
Focuses on motivators for engagement.
Encourages better work conditions.
Helps retain employees.
Cons of herzbergs theory?
Assumes all employees are the same.
Ignores cultural or personal differences.
May not apply to all industries.
Overemphasises job enrichment.
What theory did mayo agree with?
Taylorism
What did mayo believe?
Social factors not physical factors were key to increasing employee motivation and productivity.He also believed that positive relationships with managers and employees are key and that money is a motivator but not the sole motivation.
What are the criticisms of Mayo’s theory?
The experiment was unscientific due to its environment and participant numbers.
It oversimplifies human behaviour.
Ignores potential workplace conflicts.
Assumes all workers value social needs equally.
List 5 financial motivators
Bonuses
Benefits
Pension
Paid time off/paid breaks
Uncapped commission
List 5 non-financial motivators
Job satisfaction
Praise
Recognition
Self-actualisation
Sense of self-worth
