Morphoanatomy of Flowers Flashcards
sepal collectively known as the
calyx
protect the flower before it blossoms during in the bud stage
sepal
Bright in colour as their main
function is to attract pollinators
petal
petals collectively known as
corolla
the calyx (sepals) and corolla (petals) are collectively known as
perianth
the “male” part of a flower
stamen
Many stamens are collectively known as
androecium
It is the head of the stamen and is responsible for producing the pollen which is transferred to the pistil
anther
long and slender and attached the
anther
filament
the female parts of a flower
carpel
Ovule producing part of a flower constitute the
gynoecium
catches pollen grains
stigma
elevates the stigma to a useful position
style
bear the ovules
ovary
is the male gametophyte in angiosperms and gymnosperms
pollen
Pollen development occurs in a
structure called that is located within the anthers
microsporangium
pollen sacs in which the microspores develop into pollen
grain
microsporangium
oval structure present in the ovule
of flowering plants
embryo sac
Inside the embryo sac, there are:
3 antipodal cells
2 synergids
central cell
egg cell
Possess all the four parts
complete flower
Lack one or more parts
incomplete flower
contains both sexual floral organs
perfect flower
contain either stamen or carpel
imperfect flower
Also called as androgynous or hermaphrodites
perfect flower
a flower bearing only stamens
staminate flower
a flower bearing only carpel
pistillate flower
means “one home”; when both male and female flowers are present on the same plant.
monoecoius
means “two homes”; when
male and female flowers are present on separate plant
dioecious
When unisexual (male or female),
bisexual and neuter flowers are present on the same plant
polygamous plant
the flower parts (e.g. petals) are in multiples of four or five
dicotyledonous
the flower parts are in multiple of threes
monocotyledonous
Cluster of flowers on a branch or a system of branches
inflorescence
It is the main supporting stalk of
the inflorescence.
peduncle
It is the stalk of the individual flowers.
pedicel
These are small green petal-like structures that are found near the peduncle.
bracts
These rest atop the pedicel or the main stalk.
flowers
ABC Model: C + B=
Stamens
ABC Model: A + B=
Petals
ABC Model: C=
Carpels
ABC Model: A=
sepals
The transfer of pollen from a male part of a plant to a female part of a plant, later enabling fertilization
pollination
pollination of a carpel by pollen
from a different individual
cross-pollination
pollination of a carpel by pollen from the same flower or another flower on the same plant
self-pollination
methods of pollination
biotic and abiotic pollination
involves two sperm cells; one fertilizes the egg cell to form the
zygote, while the other fuses with the two polar nuclei that form the endosperm.
double fertilization
each ovule develops into
seed
ovary develops into
fruit
It is with the placentae along the margin of a unicarpellate ovary
Marginal
The placentae arises from the column in a compound ovary with septa
Axile
Ovules arise from the surface of the septa
Superficial
It is the placentae on the ovary walls or upon intruding on partition of a unilocular, compound ovary
Parietal
It is the placentae along the column in a compound ovary without septa
Free-central
It is the only placentae at the base of the ovary
Basal
