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1
Q

Review dermatomes aswell!

A
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2
Q

What is the myotome of elbow flexion?

A

C5 C6

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3
Q

What is the myotome of elbow extension?

A

C6 C7

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4
Q

What is the myotome of wrist flexion and wrist extension?

A

flexion: C7
extension:C6

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5
Q

What is the myotome of shoulder flexion?

A

C5

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6
Q

What is the most commonly injured carpal bone?

A

Scaphoid

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7
Q

Review carpal bones

A
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8
Q

What tendons are in the extensor compartments?

A

1- APL EPB (Apple peanutbutter)
2- Extensor Carpi radialis longus + brevis Tennis elbow
3- EPL
4- ED EI
5- Extensor Digiti Minimi
6- Extensor Carpi Ulnaris

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9
Q

What structures count as great vessels?

A

Brachiocephalic veins
Superior vena cava
Arch of Aorta
Carotid and Subclavian artery

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10
Q

True or false: The heart is in the superior mediastinum

A

False, the heart is in the inferior mediastinum

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11
Q

What structures are found in the inferior mediastinum

A

Heart
Thoracic Aorta
Esophagus
Trachea

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12
Q

What is the most anterior structure of the superior mediastinum?

A

Thymus- makes white bloodcells

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13
Q

True or false: The heart is in the posterior mediastinum

A

False, it is in the middle mediastinum

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14
Q

Where are the venacava and azygos veins found?

A

Posterior mediastinum

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15
Q

What does the pericardium cover?

A

Heart and ROOTS of great vessels

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16
Q

What nerve is this and is it right or left?

A

Left phrenic nerve

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17
Q

What is the red arrow pointing to?

A

Oblique pericardial sinus

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18
Q

What are these veins and arteries?

A

Pericardiophrenic veins and arteries

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19
Q

What are common causes of pericarditis?

A

viral and bacterial infections
systemic illnesses (e.g., chronic renal failure)
after myocardial infarction

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20
Q

How do you diagnose constrictive pericarditis

A

Jugular Venous pulse drops with inspiration

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21
Q

The inferior border of the heart is also called the

A

Diaphramic surface

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22
Q

What are these 2 structures and what side of the heart are they on?

A

1: Coronary Sulcus

2: Coronary Sinus

Posterior side

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23
Q

What is the coronary sulcus?

A

Transverse groove that seperates Atria from Ventricals, the coronary sinus runs across it.

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24
Q

How many pumps does the heart have?

A

2

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25
The right auricle is located where?
On the right atrium
26
The right ventrical receives what kind of blood?
Deoxygenated
27
True or false: The right and left ventrical eject the same volume of blood per beat
True
28
Which is longer, the right or left brachiocephalic vein?
The left brachicephalic vein
29
The superior vena cava drains blood from where?
All structures above diaphram except lungs and heart
30
The inferior vena cava drains blood from where?
All structures below diaphram
31
The right and left brachiocephalic vein are parent structures of what?
Superior vena cava
32
The pulmonary arteries arise from where?
R ventrical
33
The pulmonary veins arise from where?
They bring blood into the L Atrium
34
True or false: There is only one left pulmonary vein
False: There is 2 pulmonary veins on each side but only 1 left pulmonary ARTERY
35
What is the parent structure of the left subclavian artery?
Aortic Arch
36
What is this structure called?
Obtuse margin
37
What heart chambers are on the diaphramic surface?
Left ventrical and a little bit of the right ventrical
38
The apex of the heart lies deep to the _th intercostal space
5th
39
What chamber of the heart makes up the apex of the heart?
Left ventrical
40
The P on an EKG represents what?
Atrial contraction
41
Which coronary artery has the anterior interventricular branch?
Left
42
True or false: the circumflex branch of the Left coronary artery runs along the coronary sulcus
True
43
The papillary muscles contract to prevent what?
Backflow of blood
44
The first rib joint is ____ whereas the other 6 true ribs are synovial
Fibrocartilaginous
45
What ribs does the diaphram attach to?
11 and 12
46
At what vertebral level does the vagus nerve penetrate the diaphram?
T10 with the esophagus
47
At what thoracic vertebrae does the thoracic duct penetrate the diaphram
T12 with the aorta
48
What is the action of the transversus thoracis
Depresses costal cartilages
49
What is the innervation of the pec major?
Lateral and medial pectoral nerves clavicular head: C5 C6 sternocostal head: C7 C8 T1
50
What ribs does the pec major attach to? Pec Minor? Serratus Anterior?
Pec Major: Upper 6 Pec Minor: 3, 4 ,5 Serratus Anterior: Upper 8 or 9 ribs
51
What is the innervation of the serratus anterior
Long thoracic nerve c5 c6 c7
52
What is the action of serratus anterior?
Upwardly rotates scap Protracts scap
53
The trachea starts and ends where?
Starts: Cricoid cartilage of larynx Ends: Carina (where it divides into primary bronchi)
54
How many Tracheobronchial Tree Divisions are there?
22-25
55
What bone is this?
Parietal bone
56
What are these structures?
The maxilla zygomatic process of the maxilla
57
What is bone #1 and bone #2
1: Nasal Bones 2: Zygomatic Bones
58
What is this bone?
Temporal bone
59
What is this structure called?
lambdoid suture
60
The Temporomandibular ligament does what?
Limits lateral displacement of mandible AKA lateral ligament
61
What muscles depress the mandible?
Inferior belly of lateral pterygoid Digastric, Geniohyoid, Mylohyoid muscles
62
What muscles protrude the mandible?
masseter, medial pterygoid, lateral pterygoid
63
What muscles retract the mandible?
Temporalis
64
What muscles elevate the mandible?
Masseter, temporalis, medial pterygoid, superior belly of lateral pterygoid
65
The TMJ joint is used how much a day?
1500-2000
66
What is the boney landmark between the eyes called?
Glabella
67
What muscle purses your lips?
orbicularis oris
68
What is the weakest part of the side of the skull?
Pterion
69
True or false: The temporal process is on the temporal bone
False, it's on the zygomatic bone Note: The zygomatic process is on the temporal bone
70
What is this structure?
Tympanic of the Temporal bone
71
What is found in the suboccipital triangle?
Suboccipital nerve and Vertebral artery
72
What is muscle 1? Where does it attach?
Obliquus Capitis Inferior SP of C2 to TP of C1
73
What is muscle 2? Where does it attach?
Obliquus Capitis Superior Inferior nuchal line - SP of C2
74
What is muscle 3? Where does it attach?
Rectus Capitis posterior Major SP of C2 to Inferior Nuchal Line
75
What is muscle 4?
Rectus capitis posterior minor SP of C1 to Inferior nuchal line
76
What are the 3 muscles of the suboccipital triangle
Obliquus capitis superior and inferior Rectus capitis posterior major
77
What is this nerve, What is it a branch of?
Left recurrent laryngeal nerve Branch of the left vagus nerve Note: Can cause voice hoarseness when compressed
78
Where does the Nuchal Ligament start and end, and what does it resist?
external occipital protuberance to SP of C7 Resists Flexion
79
Where does the anterior longitudnal ligament run? What does it resist?
From occipital bone to sacrum Extension
80
What does ligamentum flavum resist?
Flexion
81
What 3 muscles upwardly rotate the scap
Upper trap Lower Trap Serratus Anterior
82
What muscles downwardly rotate the scap?
levator scapulae, rhomboid major and minor
83
What muscles protract the scapula?
Pec minor, Serratus anterior
84
What abdominal quadrant is the liver in?
Right hypochondriac region
85
What spinal level is PSIS
S2
86
What spinal level is the iliac crest?
L4 L5

Anatomy Final (9 decks)

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