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ANCC Review > more need-to-knows > Flashcards

more need-to-knows Flashcards

1
Q

Colonoscopy

A

> 45-50 yo Q 10 years

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2
Q

Gingko

A

supplement used for memory. DONT use with anticoagulants

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3
Q

Tineas:

Barbae=

Capitis=

Unguium=

Cruris=

Corporis=

Pedis=

Versicolor=

A

Tineas: fungal infection

Barbae= beard

Capitis= scalp

Unguium= fungus in the nail
“Ung” nail fungus”

Cruris= groin, “jock itch”

Corporis= Ringworm
“ringworm? corporal is going to be pissed”

Pedis= foot

versicolor= can occur all over the body

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4
Q

Pneumonia vaccine age _

A

65

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5
Q

Mammogram to start at age__

A

45 (for normal risk)

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6
Q

Tdap booster is recommended Q ___ years

A

5

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7
Q

Sialolithiasis

A

presence of calculi (stones) in salivary glands/ducts

“SIA…LOL… you have the worst breath”

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8
Q

Leukoplakia

A

white plaques that are unable to be whipped off. HIV pt’s.

-refer to Dentite

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9
Q

Mono linked to

A

Hodgkins Lymphoma

-due to exposure of Epstein-Barr Virus

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10
Q

kolpik spots

A

Cluster of tiny white papules with an erythematous base on buccal mucosa

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11
Q

Maxillary facial pain and yellow discharge =

A

sinusitis

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12
Q

Green mucoid penile discharge

A

Men with gonorrhea

-may experience: whitish, yellowish, or even greenish fluid coming from the tip of the penis

“think of the Irish flag- ive GONe to Ireland”

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13
Q

The first-line treatment for postmenopausal symptoms is_______.

The second-line treatment is_______.

A

fluoxetine (prozac)

hormone replacement therapy (HRT)

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14
Q

Questions about a lot of people living in close proximity-

A

think TB

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15
Q

Biguanide

A

Metformin

SE:
-gi upset
-B12 anemia

Stop if:
-GFR<30
-contrast dye is needed

doesnt cause hypoglycemia

BIGuanide
BIG people need metformin
B12- anemia

IG -> GI - side effects
G -> GFR< 30 nono

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16
Q

SGLT2 Inhibitors
“secret”

A

DM med

“-flozin”

-glucose is flozin out the urine-

-cardioprotective

ed:
-stay hydrated
-dont use if HX of UTI’s, BPH, yeast infections, incontinence

SGLT
“secret in Frozen…”

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17
Q

GLP-1 Agonist

A

“GLP-tide, like a RIP-tide! it’s TRUE!’ “totally ripped my wetsuit PANts… yeah right at the THY”
DM med

“-tide”

ex: dulaglutide (trulicity)

-Injections
-feel full
-cardioprotective

Dont use if HX of
-thyroid cancer
-pancreatitis

GLP “tide” = Rip tide

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18
Q

Calcium and Phosphorus have an ______ relationship

A

inverse

both regulated by the Parathyroid

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19
Q

TZD

A

DM med

“-zone”

ex: pioglitazone
-decrease insulin resistance
-wt gain

“not aloud in the liver/heart zone!”

20
Q

Sulfonylureas

A

“SUL FONY” the fat guy taking that rIDE- and then he just fainted!”
DM med

“-ide”
ex: glipizide, glyburide

-increases insulin secretion
(dosNOT reduce resistance)

-wt gain
**risk for hypoglycemia

21
Q

HMG-A1C > 9.0%

A

initiate insulin

22
Q

Addison’s vs Cushings

what do you expect to find?

A

Addison’s:
“I need to add soming, its a crisis!… no- not a banana”
-too little cortisol
-hyperpigmentation
-all labs are decreased EXCEPT K (hyperkalemia)
** risk for addisonian crisis: ER Kit of steroids

Chushings:
-too much cortisol
-all labs are increased EXCEPT K (hypokalemia)

-moon face
-purple striae
-trunkal obesity = purple striae
-DX test= ACTH stimulation test

23
Q

Lupus
DX?
ss?

A

+ ANA test

-malar rash (butterfly rash)

-affects kidneys; risk of lupus nephritis

-often gets Sjogrens syndrome (dry eyes- mouth)

24
Q

D-Dimer and venous doppler to look for

A

DVT

25
Q

fingers turn white/numb, get red/throb =

tx =

A

Reynolds syndrome

give CCB (amlodipine)
– for vasodilation

“REY? AM LO in the snow by this PINE… i cant feel my fingers”

26
Q

Arcus Senilis

A

Gray halo around iris
-hyperlipidemia

27
Q

headache in the morning

A

HTN headache

28
Q

Tremor that only occurs at rest=

A

resting tremor = parkinsons

(handwriting gets smaller)

29
Q

Tremor present in the head that affects patients voice =

A

example of an: essential tremor

-alcohol helps

30
Q

S3 heart sound normal only when

A

pregnant or in HF

31
Q

Split S2 heart. sound is benign if

A

it disappears during expiration

32
Q

______ indicated if triglycerides are >500

A

fenofibrate (Tricor)

33
Q

what mood stabalizer affects Na (sodium) levels?

A

Lithium

34
Q

rapid antigen detection test =

A

rapid strep

35
Q

DEXA scan that indicates osteoporosis

A

<-2.5

36
Q

Marfan syndrome

A

-long hands/arms
-tall, thin

-mitral valve prolapse risk

mar”FAN” - think long foam finger “yeah, your the MVP”

37
Q

Act that allowed NP’s to bill

A

Budget reconciliation act

38
Q

Act that assigned NP’s an NPI number?

A

Balanced budget act

-NPI # = to be able to bill 85%

39
Q

Testicular torsion

A

-Unilateral testi pain
-Absent Cremasteric (stroke) Reflex

Testicular torsion often occurs several hours after vigorous activity, after a minor injury to the testicles or while sleeping. Cold temperature or rapid growth of the testicle during puberty also might play a role.

40
Q

Epididymitis

A

Unilateral testi pain, + Prehns sign (relief when testicles are held up), swollen scrotum

  • <35 yo tx:
    Doxy & Rocephin (most likly gonorrea & chlamydia)
  • > 35 yo tx:
    fluoroquinolone;
    —levaquin

“does DIDY have gonorrea/chlamydia? i dunno, how old is he again?”

im > 35! I just need some LEVin QUeen

41
Q

Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH)

rectal exam findings:___

PSA (prostate-specific antigen) cutoff for referring?___

Tx:___

herbal supplement: ___

A

rectal exam findings:
-enlarged
-symmetrical
-rubbery
(normally rubbery/ firm, with a smooth surface and a palpable sulcus between the left and right lobes- {heart shaped})

PSA (prostate-specific antigen) cutoff for referring?
– _>4

Tx:
- “-zosins”
-take at bedtime

herbal supplement:
-saw palmetto

[at BigPapa’sHouse, its enlarged. i SAW him just ZOSIN down the road in a 4X4 at bedtime]

42
Q

Erectile Dysfunction

-priority before prescribing PDE-5 inhibitor?

A

-Full cardiac workup (labs, EKG) needs to be done before

-contraindicated with nitroglycerine

Causes:
systemic disease; diabetes, hypo/hyperthyroidism, Cushing’s syndrome

medications that can cause; antihypertensives (Vasotec), antidepressants (Paxil).

Other activities that can cause;
heavy smoking, drug abuse, and alcoholism can also lead to ED.

PDE
Pedro’s Dick Escardo

43
Q

Barrett’s Esophagus

A

-Damage to the lower portion of the tube that connects the mouth and stomach (esophagus).

  • from chronic GERD

s/s:
-Frequent heartburn/chest pain
-many people with Barrett’s esophagus have no symptoms.

-Rarely, it develops into esophageal cancer.

“Barnett- chunky- had bed GERD”

44
Q

Pernicious anemia

A

-autoimmune disorder that causes diminishment in dietary vitamin B12 (cobalamin) absorption

-resulting in B12 deficiency and subsequent megaloblastic anemia.

-**NUMBNESS.
b12 deficiency causes neuro effects

pernicious anemia = B12 (cobalamin) anemia

“after my PERM when I was 12, I AUTOmatically went numb!”

45
Q

Polymyalgia rheumatica

A

-inflammatory muscle stiffness
-shoulder and pelvic girdle pain

-can have Giant Cell/Temporal arteritis

“a GIANT POLY yelling- “MY- ALGInA!”- pelvic girdle pain”

46
Q

If you tx gonorrhea, you always tx ______ as well

what is the Tx?

A

Chlamydia

cephalosporin (roCEPHin) & macrolide (azithroMYCIN)

but if you have chlamydia- you dont have to tx gonorrhea

ANCC Review (19 decks)

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