Metformin SE: -gi upset -B12 anemia Stop if: -GFR GI - side effects G -> GFR< 30 nono

more need-to-knows Flashcards by Lanni O'Reilly

Colonoscopy

> 45-50 yo Q 10 years

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Gingko

supplement used for memory. DONT use with anticoagulants

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Tineas:

Barbae=

Capitis=

Unguium=

Cruris=

Corporis=

Pedis=

Versicolor=

Tineas: fungal infection

Barbae= beard

Capitis= scalp

Unguium= fungus in the nail
“Ung” nail fungus”

Cruris= groin, “jock itch”

Corporis= Ringworm
“ringworm? corporal is going to be pissed”

Pedis= foot

versicolor= can occur all over the body

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Pneumonia vaccine age _

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Mammogram to start at age__

45 (for normal risk)

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Tdap booster is recommended Q ___ years

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Sialolithiasis

presence of calculi (stones) in salivary glands/ducts

“SIA…LOL… you have the worst breath”

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Leukoplakia

white plaques that are unable to be whipped off. HIV pt’s.

-refer to Dentite

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Mono linked to

Hodgkins Lymphoma

-due to exposure of Epstein-Barr Virus

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

kolpik spots

Cluster of tiny white papules with an erythematous base on buccal mucosa

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Maxillary facial pain and yellow discharge =

sinusitis

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Green mucoid penile discharge

Men with gonorrhea

-may experience: whitish, yellowish, or even greenish fluid coming from the tip of the penis

“think of the Irish flag- ive GONe to Ireland”

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

The first-line treatment for postmenopausal symptoms is_______.

The second-line treatment is_______.

fluoxetine (prozac)

hormone replacement therapy (HRT)

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Questions about a lot of people living in close proximity-

think TB

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Biguanide

Metformin

SE:
-gi upset
-B12 anemia

Stop if:
-GFR<30
-contrast dye is needed

doesnt cause hypoglycemia

BIGuanide
BIG people need metformin
B12- anemia

IG -> GI - side effects
G -> GFR< 30 nono

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

SGLT2 Inhibitors
“secret”

DM med

“-flozin”

-glucose is flozin out the urine-

-cardioprotective

ed:
-stay hydrated
-dont use if HX of UTI’s, BPH, yeast infections, incontinence

SGLT
“secret in Frozen…”

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

GLP-1 Agonist

“GLP-tide, like a RIP-tide! it’s TRUE!’ “totally ripped my wetsuit PANts… yeah right at the THY”
DM med

“-tide”

ex: dulaglutide (trulicity)

-Injections
-feel full
-cardioprotective

Dont use if HX of
-thyroid cancer
-pancreatitis

GLP “tide” = Rip tide

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Calcium and Phosphorus have an ______ relationship

inverse

both regulated by the Parathyroid

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

TZD

DM med

“-zone”

ex: pioglitazone
-decrease insulin resistance
-wt gain

“not aloud in the liver/heart zone!”

Sulfonylureas

“SUL FONY” the fat guy taking that rIDE- and then he just fainted!”
DM med

“-ide”
ex: glipizide, glyburide

-increases insulin secretion
(dosNOT reduce resistance)

-wt gain
**risk for hypoglycemia

HMG-A1C > 9.0%

initiate insulin

Addison’s vs Cushings

what do you expect to find?

Addison’s:
“I need to add soming, its a crisis!… no- not a banana”
-too little cortisol
-hyperpigmentation
-all labs are decreased EXCEPT K (hyperkalemia)
** risk for addisonian crisis: ER Kit of steroids

Chushings:
-too much cortisol
-all labs are increased EXCEPT K (hypokalemia)

-moon face
-purple striae
-trunkal obesity = purple striae
-DX test= ACTH stimulation test

Lupus
DX?
ss?

+ ANA test

-malar rash (butterfly rash)

-affects kidneys; risk of lupus nephritis

-often gets Sjogrens syndrome (dry eyes- mouth)

D-Dimer and venous doppler to look for

DVT

fingers turn white/numb, get red/throb = tx =

Reynolds syndrome give CCB (amlodipine) -- for vasodilation "REY? AM LO in the snow by this PINE... i cant feel my fingers"

Arcus Senilis

Gray halo around iris -hyperlipidemia

headache in the morning

HTN headache

Tremor that only occurs at rest=

resting tremor = parkinsons (handwriting gets smaller)

Tremor present in the head that affects patients voice =

example of an: essential tremor -alcohol helps

S3 heart sound normal only when

pregnant or in HF

Split S2 heart. sound is benign if

it disappears during expiration

______ indicated if triglycerides are >500

fenofibrate (Tricor)

what mood stabalizer affects Na (sodium) levels?

Lithium

rapid antigen detection test =

rapid strep

DEXA scan that indicates osteoporosis

<-2.5

Marfan syndrome

-long hands/arms -tall, thin -mitral valve prolapse risk mar"FAN" - think long foam finger "yeah, your the MVP"

Act that allowed NP's to bill

Budget reconciliation act

Act that assigned NP's an NPI number?

Balanced budget act -NPI # = to be able to bill 85%

Testicular torsion

-Unilateral testi pain -Absent Cremasteric (stroke) Reflex Testicular torsion often occurs several hours after vigorous activity, after a minor injury to the testicles or while sleeping. Cold temperature or rapid growth of the testicle during puberty also might play a role.

Epididymitis

Unilateral testi pain, + Prehns sign (relief when testicles are held up), swollen scrotum - <35 yo tx: Doxy & Rocephin (most likly gonorrea & chlamydia) - >35 yo tx: fluoroquinolone; ---levaquin "does DIDY have gonorrea/chlamydia? i dunno, how old is he again?" im > 35! I just need some LEVin QUeen

Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) rectal exam findings:___ PSA (prostate-specific antigen) cutoff for referring?___ Tx:___ herbal supplement: ___

rectal exam findings: -enlarged -symmetrical -rubbery (normally rubbery/ firm, with a smooth surface and a palpable sulcus between the left and right lobes- {heart shaped}) PSA (prostate-specific antigen) cutoff for referring? -- _>4 Tx: - "-zosins" -take at bedtime herbal supplement: -saw palmetto [at BigPapa'sHouse, its enlarged. i SAW him just ZOSIN down the road in a 4X4 at bedtime]

Erectile Dysfunction -priority before prescribing PDE-5 inhibitor?

-Full cardiac workup (labs, EKG) needs to be done before -contraindicated with nitroglycerine Causes: systemic disease; diabetes, hypo/hyperthyroidism, Cushing's syndrome medications that can cause; antihypertensives (Vasotec), antidepressants (Paxil). Other activities that can cause; heavy smoking, drug abuse, and alcoholism can also lead to ED. PDE Pedro's Dick Escardo

Barrett's Esophagus

-Damage to the lower portion of the tube that connects the mouth and stomach (esophagus). - from chronic GERD s/s: -Frequent heartburn/chest pain -many people with Barrett’s esophagus have no symptoms. -Rarely, it develops into esophageal cancer. "Barnett- chunky- had bed GERD"

Pernicious anemia

-autoimmune disorder that causes diminishment in dietary vitamin B12 (cobalamin) absorption -resulting in B12 deficiency and subsequent megaloblastic anemia. -**NUMBNESS. b12 deficiency causes neuro effects pernicious anemia = B12 (cobalamin) anemia "after my PERM when I was 12, I AUTOmatically went numb!"

Polymyalgia rheumatica

-inflammatory muscle stiffness -shoulder and pelvic girdle pain -can have Giant Cell/Temporal arteritis "a GIANT POLY yelling- "MY- ALGInA!"- pelvic girdle pain"

If you tx gonorrhea, you always tx ______ as well what is the Tx?

Chlamydia cephalosporin (roCEPHin) & macrolide (azithroMYCIN) but if you have chlamydia- you dont have to tx gonorrhea

Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

more need-to-knows Flashcards

Brainscape's Knowledge Genome^TM