More Joints

Question 1

Joints grouped by function

Answer 1

• Synarthrosis (range of joint motion: no movement)
• Amphiarthrosis (range of joint motion: little Movement)
• Diarthrosis (range of joint motion full movement)

Question 2

Synarthrosis

Answer 2

(range of joint motion: no movement). ex. Skull Sutures, articulations of bony sockets and teeth in facial skeleton

Question 3

Amphiarthrosis

Answer 3

(range of joint motion: little Movement). ex: distal joint between the tibia and the fibula and the pubic symphysis

Question 4

Diarthrosis

Answer 4

(range of joint motion full movement). ex: Elbow, shoulder, ankle

Question 5

joints grouped by structure

Answer 5

• fibrous joints
• cartilaginous joints
• synovial joints

Question 6

fibrous joints

Answer 6

Between the articulations of fibrous joints is thick connective tissue, which is why most (but not all) fibrous joints are immovable (synarthroses). There are three types of fibrous joints:
1. sutures
2. gomphoses
3. syndesmosis

Question 7

Sutures

Answer 7

are nonmoving joints that connect bones of the skull. These joints have serrated edges that lock together with fibers of connective tissue

Question 8

gomphoses

Answer 8

The fibrous articulations between the teeth and the mandible or maxilla, and are also immovable.

Question 9

syndesmosis

Answer 9

is a joint in which a ligament connects two bones, allowing for a little movement (amphiarthroses). The distal joint between the tibia and fibula is an example of a syndesmosis.

Question 10

Cartilaginous joints

Answer 10

Joints that unite bones with cartilage are called cartilaginous joints. There are two types of cartilaginous joints:
1. synchrondosis
2. symphysis

Question 11

synchrondosis

Answer 11

is an immovable cartilaginous joint. One example is the joint between the first pair of ribs and the sternum.

Question 12

symphysis

Answer 12

consists of a compressable fibrocartilaginous pad that connects two bones. This type of joint allows for some movement. The hip bones, connected by the pubic symphysis, and the vertebrae, connected by intervertebral discs, are two examples of symphyses.

Question 13

Synovial joints

Answer 13

Synovial joints are characterized by the presence of an articular capsule between the two joined bones. Bone surfaces at synovial joints are protected by a coating of articular cartilage.
Synovial joints are often supported and reinforced by surrounding ligaments, which limit movement to prevent injury. There are six types of synovial joints:
1) Gliding joints
2) Hinge
3) Pívot
4) Condyloid
5) Saddle
6) Ball and socket

Question 14

Gliding joints

Answer 14

move against each other on a single plane. Major gliding joints include the intervertebral joints and the bones of the wrists and ankles

Question 15

Hinge joints

Answer 15

move on just one axis. These joints allow for flexion and extension. Major hinge joints include the elbow and finger joints

Question 16

pivot joint

Answer 16

provides rotation. At the top of the spine, the atlas and axis form a pivot joint that allows for rotation of the head.

Question 17

condyloid joint

Answer 17

allows for circular motion, flexion, and extension. The wrist joint between the radius and the carpal bones is an example of a condyloid joint.

Question 18

saddle joint

Answer 18

allows for flexion, extension, and other movements, but no rotation. In the hand, the thumb’s saddle joint (between the first metacarpal and the trapezium) lets the thumb cross over the palm, making it opposable

Question 19

ball-and-socket

Answer 19

joint is a freely moving joint that can rotate on any axis. The hip and shoulder joints are examples of ball and socket joints