More Haemopoiesis and the Lymphoid System

Question 1

These are the formation of:

1. Erythropoiesis
2. Thrombopoiesis
3. Lymphopoiesis
4. Granulopoiesis

Answer 1

1. Red cells
2. Platelets
3. Lymphocytes
4. Granulocytes

Question 2

1. Red cells have a lifespan of approximately _____ days, Neutrophils _____ hours and platelets _____ days.
2. multipotent progenitors differentiate into either _______ or _______ precursors.

Answer 2

1. 120 days, 7-8 hours, 7-10 days

2. Myeloid, Lymphoid

Question 3

1. Where is the first site of erythroid activity in the foetus?
2. From where is a bone marrow biopsy usually taken?

Answer 3

1. Yolk sac

2. Posterior-Superior Iliac Spine

Question 4

1. What are the three main compartments of the bone marrow?
2. In the bone marrow the arterioles drain into ______ _______. They have a __________ basement membrane.
3. ____ marrow is Haemopoietically active whereas ______ marrow is adipose filled and inactive.

Answer 4

1. Cellular Compartment, Connective Tissue Matrix, Vascular Elements
2. Venous Sinuses, Discontinuous.
3. Red, Yellow

Question 5

1. What is neutrophil precursor maturation regulated by?

2. What is megakaryocyte growth and development regulated by?

Answer 5

1. G-CSF Granulocyte-Colonising Stimulating Factor

2. Thrombopoietin.

Question 6

1. What is the main way in which haemopoiesis is assessed cytologically?
2. How does this means work?

Answer 6

1. Immunophenotyping.

2. Identify patterns of antigens expression unique to a cell lineage. (needed because they are morphologically the same)

Question 7

1. What is Virchow’s node and what is it traditionally a sign of?
2. What are the sentinel Lymph nodes?

Answer 7

1. Left Supraclavicular Lymph Node Swelling, a sign of Gastric Cancer.
2. The first lymph nodes to which cancer is likely to spread.

Question 8

1. Where does B cell maturation occur?

2. Where does T cell maturation occur?

Answer 8

1. Bone marrow

2. Thymus

Question 9

1. What is lymph node enlargement called?
2. What are the three main broad causes of this?
3. What is lymphangitis?

Answer 9

1. Lymphadenopathy
2. Local inflammation, Systemic Inflammation, Malignancy.
3. Lymphatic inflammation- Red lines extending from points of superficial infection

Question 10

1. The spleen and lymph nodes are ______ lymphatic organs.
2. The spleen is supplied by the ______ artery and drained by the _______ vein. It is an encapsulated organ containing red and white _____ and acts as a filter of the blood.
3. Identify some of the clinical features of splenomegaly.

Answer 10

1. Secondary.
2. Splenic, Splenic
3. Dragging sensation in LUQ, Discomfort when eating, Pain if infarction, hypersplenism