Blood Transfusion

Question 1

1. Where are ABO antigens coded for?
2. A and B are dominant over _____. A and B are __________. ____ is silent.
3. People with blood group ____ express anti-B antibodies. People with blood group ____ express anti-A antibodies.

Answer 1

1. Chromosome 9
2. O, Co-dominant, O
3. A, B

Question 2

1. If someone is A+ or B+ what does this mean to be positive?
2. RhD- people produce _______ antibodies. If a newborn baby is RhD- and the mother is RhD+ then the baby could suffer from _______ disease of the newborn.

Answer 2

1. The patient is RhD+

2. Anti-D, Haemolytic

Question 3

1. What reagent is used to identify antigens present on red cells?
2. What reagent is used to identify antigens present in plasma?

Answer 3

1. Antisera

2. Reagent Red Cells

Question 4

1. What are the indications for red cell transfusion?

2. What are the indications for platelet transfusion?

Answer 4

1. Severe symptomatic anaemia (Hb <70g/L), major bleeding.
2. Prophylaxis in bone marrow failure, Bleeding in thrombocytopenic patient, prophylaxis prior to surgery/procedure in thrombocytopenic patient.

Question 5

1. What is an FFP transfusion?

2. Identify the four indications for this

Answer 5

1. Fresh Frozen Plasma transfusion
2. Treatment of bleeding in patient with
   coagulopathy (PT ratio >1.5)
   • Prophylaxis prior to surgery or procedure in
   patient with coagulopathy (PT ratio >1.5)
   • Management of massive haemorrhage
   • Transfuse early in trauma

Question 6

1. How often should a patient be monitored during transfusion?

Answer 6

1. Before transfusion, 15mins into transfusion, within 60 mins of completion.