More antibiotics Flashcards
What is the aminoglycaside of choice
gentamycin
Is gent active against anearobes?
what is gent usually given with
no
therefore usually given with metronidazole or penicillin when causative organism is unknown
aminoglycaside with a cumulative dose where sideeffects increase if exceeded
streptomycin 100g
normally aminoglycasides are given using once daily dosing. What conditions are the exceptions (4)
Endocarditis
burns of over 20% of body area
CrCl
2 common side effects of aminogylcasides
oto and nephrotox
when should gent levels be taken for multiple daily dose regieme?
what are the levels
and the levels in endocarditis
1 hour peak 5-10mg/L (3-5mg/mL in endocarditis)
pre dose trough
What colour does nitrofuranitoin turn the urine
orange brown
Mode of action of gent
Aminoglycasides - affect the 30 S subuint
Mode of action of glycopepties
inihbit cell wall synthesis
Vancomycin is what class of antibiotic
glycopeptic
Side effects of vacomycin (2)
Monitoring (3)
oto and nephrotox
FBC, CrCl, urinalysis
What should vanc levels be
10-15mg/ml pre third dose
How often is vanc dosing
every 12 hours
tertracyclines - should avoid indegestions remadies within ……
2 hours
mode of action of tetracyclines
targeting 30s subunit
what class of antibiotics can cause oesophogeal irritation
tetracyclines
macrolides are broad or narrow spec
broad
e.g. of macrolides
clarythromycin and erthromycin
what is the effect of macrolides on liver enxymes
inhibition
side effects of clarithryomycin (mouth sideeffects)
teeth and toungue discolouration
mode of action of macrolides
protein synthesis 50 S subunit
effect of rifampicin on digoxin and theophylin
reduces plasma concentration
effect of refampicin on hepatic enzymes
inducer
mode of action of refiampicin
inihibts nucleaic acid synthesis
side effects of refampicin
colitis
annorexia
urine discolouration
liver tox
what colour does rifampcin colour urine
red
cephlaspiron warning
antibiotic associated colitis
quinilone warnings in other chronic conditions
lowers the seizure threshold in epilepsy
mode of aciton of quinilones
nucleic acid synthesis - DNA gyrase
ciprofloxacin and anything -oxacin is an example of
quinilones
s/e of quinilones that is caution in children
joint disorders
effect of quinilones on liver enzymes
inhibitor
s/e of quinilones (3)
headache,
sleep disturbance
dizziness
is fluclxacillin inactivated by peniciliinases?
no
cautions of fluclose
cholestatic jaundice
what organism is tasozin used for
pseudomonas
Trimethorpime coucelling
blood dyscrasias (sore throat)
more of action of trimethoprim
inhibits folate synthesis
s/e of trimethoprim (3(
hyperkalaemia
rashes
blood discrasias
can you use trimethoprim in pregnancy
NO
