Moores COA

Question 1

Variations in male and female pelves

Answer 1

gynecoid - most common female pelvis
android - most common male pelvis
other types include anthropoid and platypelloid

useful in forensic medicine to determine sex of a skeleton

Question 2

pelvic diameters (conjugates)

Answer 2

size of the lesser pelvis is clinically important because it is the bony canal thorugh which the fetus passes during normal childbirth
determining these diameters (through pelvic examination or radiographically) is important for obgyns
true conjugate - narrowest fixed point baby’s head must pass
also important - interspinous distance

Question 3

pelvic fractures

Answer 3

AP compression commonly produces fractures vof the pubic rami
lateral compression - acetabula and ilia may be broken

fractures of bony pelvic ring - multiple fractures with joint dislocation

pelvic fractures may cause injury to pelvic soft tissues, blood vessels, ect.

falls on feet or buttocks may drive head of the femur thorugh the acetabulum into the pelvic cavity

Question 4

relaxation of the pelvic ligaments and increased joint mobility in late pregnancy

Answer 4

larger cavity of interpubic disc increases during pregancny - increases circumference of lesser pelvis and increases flexibility

relaxin + sex hormones produce this effect by relaxing pelvic ligaments

does not change true diameter between sacral promontory and pubic symphyses

Question 5

spondylolisis and spondylolisthesis

Answer 5

spondylolysis - defect allowing part fo a vertebral arch to be separated from its body

spondylolisthesis - anterior sliding of vertebrae on its inferior counterpart

compress spinal nerves, causing lower back pain or lower limb pain

can test for this by running fingers along lumbar spinous processes to detect for an abnormally prominent L5