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Psychiatry > Mood Disorders > Flashcards

Mood Disorders Flashcards

1
Q

What was Dissociative indentity disorder formally known as??

A

Multiple personality disorder

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2
Q

What is Dissociative identity disorder?

A

Presence of 2 or more distinct identities or personality states

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3
Q

Who is Dissociative identity disorder MC in?

A

Women

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4
Q

What is Dissociative identity disorder assoc w/?

A

History of sexual abuse

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5
Q

What is Depersonalization disorder?

A

Persistent feelings of detachemtn or estrangement from one’s own body, a social situation or the environment

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6
Q

What is Dissociative fugue?

A

Abrupt change in geographic locations w/ inability to recall the past, confusions about personal identity or assumption of new identity

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7
Q

What are Dissociative fugue assoc w/?

A

Traumatic circumstances (natural disasters, wartime, trauma0

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8
Q

What does Dissociative fugue lead to?

A

Significant distress or impairment

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9
Q

What is Dissociative fugue NOT the result of?

A

Substance abuse or general medical cond

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10
Q

What is Mood disorder characterized by?

A

ABN range of moods or internal emotional states & loss of control over them

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11
Q

What does the severity of Mood disorders cause?

A

Distress & impairment in social & occupational functioning

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12
Q

What does Mood disorders include?

A
  • Major depressive disorder
  • Bipolar disorder
  • Dysthymic disorder
  • Cyclothymic disorder
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13
Q

What may be present in Mood disorders?

A

Psychotic features (delusions or hallucinations)

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14
Q

What is a Manic episode?

A

Distinct period of ABN & persistenly elevated, expansive or irritable mood & ABN & persistently inc activity or energy lasting at least 1 week

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15
Q

At least 3 of the following must be present to dx a manic episode

A
  • Distractibility
  • Irresponsibility
  • Grandiosity
  • Flight of ideas
  • Inc in goal-directed activity/sphycomotor Agitation
  • Talkativeness or pressured speech
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16
Q

What is a Hypomanic episode?

A

Like manic episode except mood disturbance is not severe enough to cause marked impairment in social &/or occupational functioning or to necessitate hospitilization. No psychotic features

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17
Q

What is Bipolar disorder defined by?

A

Presence of at least 1 manic (bipolar I) or hypomanic (bipolar II) episode

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18
Q

What sx evetually occur in Bipolar disorder?

A

Depressive sx

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19
Q

Between bipolar episodes pt’s ___ & ___ usually return to normal.

A

Mood & functioning

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20
Q

Use of ____ can lead to inc mania.

A

Antidepressants

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21
Q

What do Bipolar pts have an inc risk of?

A

Suicide

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22
Q

What is the tx for Bipolar disorder?

A
  • Mood stabilizers
  • Atypical antipsychotics
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23
Q

What is Cyclothymic disorder?

A

Dysthymia & hypomania; milder form of bipolar disorder lasting at least 2 years

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24
Q

What is major depressive disorder?

A

Self-limited disorder, w/ major depressive episodes usually lasting 6-12 months

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25
Q

Episodes of major depressive disorder are characterized by at least 5 of the following sx for 2 or more weeks:

A
  • Sleep disturbance
  • Loss of Interest
  • Guilt or feelings of worthlessness
  • Loss of Energy
  • Loss of Consciousness
  • Appetite/wt changes
  • Psychomotor retardation or agitation
  • Suicidal ideations
  • Depressed mood
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26
Q

What is Dysthymia?

A

Milder form of depression lasting at least 2 years

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27
Q

What is Seasonal affective disorder?

A

Sx assoc w/ winter season; improves in response to full-specturm bright-light exposure

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28
Q

What is Atypical depression?

A

Differs from classical forms of depression

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29
Q

What is Atypical depression characterized by?

A
  • Mood reactivity
  • “Reversed” vegetative sx
  • Leaden paralysis
  • Long-standing interpersonal rejection sensitivity
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30
Q

What is mood reactivity?

A

Being able to experience improved mood in response to postive events

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31
Q

What are “reversed” vegetative sx?

A

Hypersomnia & wt gain

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32
Q

What is leaden paralysis?

A

Heaving feeling in arms & legs

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33
Q

What is the MC subtype of depression?

A

Atypical depression

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34
Q

What is the tx of Atypical depression?

A

MAO inhibitors & SSRIs

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35
Q

What is the incidence rate of Maternal (postpartum) “blues”?

A

50-85%

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36
Q

What is Maternal “blues” characterized by?

A

Depressed affect, tearfulness & fatigue starting 2-3 days after delivery

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37
Q

How long does Maternal “blues” last?

A

Usually resolves w/in 10-14 days

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38
Q

What is the tx for Maternal blues?

A

Supportive & follow up for postpartum depression

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39
Q

What is the incidence rate of postpartum depression?

A

10-15%

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40
Q

What is postpartum depression characterized by?

A

Depressed affect, anxiety & poor concentration stating w/in 4 weeks of delivery

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41
Q

How long does postpartum depression last?

A

2 weeks to a year or more

42
Q

What is the tx for postpartum depression?

A

Antidepressants & psychotherapy

43
Q

What is the incidence of postpartum psychosis?

A

0.1-0.2%

44
Q

What are the characteristics of Postpartum psychosis?

A
  • Delusions
  • Hallucinations
  • Confusion
  • Unusual behavior
  • Possible homicidal/suicidal ideations or attempts
45
Q

How long does Postpartum psychosis last?

A

Days to 4-6 weeks

46
Q

What is the tx for Postpartum psychosis?

A
  • Antipsychotics
  • Antidepressants
  • Possible inpatient hospitalization
47
Q

What is Electroconvulsive therapy?

A

Tx option for major depressive disorder refractory to other tx & for pregnant women w/ major depressive disorder

48
Q

What is Electoconvulsive therapy also considered for sue in?

A
  • Immediat response necessary (suicide)
  • Depression w/ pschotic features
  • Catatonia
49
Q

What does Electroconvulsive therapy produce?

A

Painless seizures in an anesthetized pt

50
Q

What are the major adverse effects of Electroconvulsive therapy?

A

Disorentation & temporary anterograde/retrograde amnesia usually fully resolving in 6 months

51
Q

What are the RF for suicide completion (SAD PERSONS)?

A
  • Sex (male)
  • Age (teenager or elderly)
  • Depression
  • Preveious attempt
  • Ethanol or drug use
  • Loss of Rational thinking
  • Sickness (medical illness or >3 Rx)
  • Organized plan
  • No spouse
  • Social support lacking
52
Q

Who tries to commit suicide more often?

A

Women

53
Q

Who is succeeds more often in commiting suicide?

A

Men

54
Q

What is anxiety disorder?

A

Inappropriate experience of fear/worry & its physical manifestations when the source of the fear/worry is eitehr not real or insufficent to acount for the severity of sx

55
Q

Anxiety disorder sx interfere w/ ____ ____.

A

Daily functioning

56
Q

What is the lifetime prevelance of anxiety disorder?

A

30% in women & 19% in men

57
Q

What does anxiety disorder include?

A
  • Panic disorder
  • Phobias
  • OCD
  • PTSD
  • Generalized anxiety disorder
58
Q

Panic disorder is defined by recurrent episodes of intense fear & discomfort peaking in 10 min w/ at least 4 of the following:

A
  • Palpitations
  • Parasthesias
  • Abd distress
  • Nausea
  • Intense fear of dying or losing control
  • Light-headedness
  • Chest pain
  • Chills
  • Choking
  • Disconnections
  • Sweating
  • Shaking
  • SOB
59
Q

What is the cause of Panic disorder?

A

Strong genetic component

60
Q

What is the tx for Panic disorder?

A
  • Cognitive behavior therapy (CBT)
  • SSRIs
  • Venlafaxine
  • Benzodiazepines
61
Q

What is Panic disorder assoc w/?

A

Persistent fear of having another attack

62
Q

What are the sx of Panic disorder?

A

Systemic manifestations of fear

63
Q

What is Sepcific phobia?

A

Fear that is excessive or unreasonable & interferes w/ normal function. Person realizes fear is excessive

64
Q

What is specific phobia caused by?

A

Presence or anticipation of specific object or situation

65
Q

How is specific phobia tx?

A

Systemic desensitization

66
Q

What is Social phobia (social anxiety disorder)?

A

Exaggerated fear of embarrassment in social situation

67
Q

What is the tx for Social phobia?

A

SSRI

68
Q

What is Obsessive-compulsive disorder?

A

Recurring intrusive throughts, feelings or sensations that cause severe distress

69
Q

How is OCD relieved?

A

By performance of repetitive actions (compulsions)

70
Q

What is Ego dystonic?

A

Behavior inconsistent w/ one’s own beliefs & attitudes

71
Q

What is OCD assoc w/?

A

Tourette’s disorder

72
Q

What is the tx for OCD?

A

SSRIs & clomipramine

73
Q

What is Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)?

A

Persistent reexperiencing of a previous traumatic event

74
Q

What may be involved w/ PTSD?

A
  • Nightmares or flashbacks
  • Intense fear
  • Hopelessness
  • Horror
75
Q

What does PTSD lead to?

A

Avoidance of stimuli assoc w/ the trauma persistently inc arousal

76
Q

What is the duration of PTSD?

A

Disturbance lasts >1 mo w/ onset of sx begining anytime after event & causes significant distress &/or impaired functioning

77
Q

What is the tx of PTSD?

A

Psychotherapy & SSRIs

78
Q

What is the duration of Acute stress disorder?

A

Lasts b/w 2 days & 1 month

79
Q

What is Generalized anxiety disorder?

A

Pattern of uncontrollable anxiety for at least 6 mo that is unrelated to a specific person, situation or event

80
Q

What is Generalized anxiety disorder assoc w/?

A
  • Sleep disturbance
  • Fatigue
  • GI disturbance
  • Difficulty concentrating
81
Q

What is the tx for generalized anxiety disorder?

A

SSRIs & SNRIs

82
Q

What is Adjustment disorder?

A

Emotional sx causing impairment following an indentifiable psychosocial stressor & lasting <6mo

83
Q

What is Malingering?

A

Pt consciously fakes or claims to have a disorder in order to attain a specific 2° gain

84
Q

What do pt w/ Malingering have poor compliance w/?

A

Tx or follow-up of dx tests

85
Q

When do complaints cease in malingering?

A

Cease after gain

86
Q

What is Factitious disorder?

A

Pt consciously creates physical &/or psychological sx in order to assume “sick role” & to get medical attention

87
Q

What is Muchausen’s synd?

A

Chronic factitious disorder w/ predominatly physcial signs & sx

88
Q

What is Muchausen’s synd characterized by?

A

Hx of multiple hospital admissions & willingness to receive invasive procedures

89
Q

What is Munchausen’s synd by proxy?

A

When illness in a child or elderly pt is cause by the caregiver. Form of child/elder abuse

90
Q

What are Somatoform disorders?

A

Category of disorders characterized by physical sx w/ no indentifiable physical cause

91
Q

What are unconscious drives of Somatoform disorders?

A

Illness production & motivation

92
Q

What is Somatization disorder?

A

Variety of complaints in multiple organ systems over a period of years developing before age 30 years

93
Q

What is Conversion?

A

Sudden loss of sensory or motor function often following an acute stressor; pt is aware of but sometimes indiff toward sx

94
Q

Who is conversion MC in?

A
  • Females
  • Adolescents
  • Young adults
95
Q

What is Hypochondriasis?

A

Preoccupation w/ & fear of having a serious illness despite medical evaluation & reassurance

96
Q

What is Body dysmorphic disorder?

A

Preoccupation w/ minor or imagined defect in appearance, l/t significant emotional distress or impaired function

97
Q

What do pts w/ body dysmophic disorder seek?

A

Repeated cosmetic surgery

98
Q

What is Pain disorder?

A

Prolonged pain w/ no physical findings

99
Q

What is the predominant focus of clinical presentation of pain disorder?

A

Pain

100
Q

Psychological factors play an important role in Pain disorder:

A

Severity, exacerbation or maintenance of the pain

Psychiatry (6 decks)

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