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Psychiatry > Childhood Pathology > Flashcards

Childhood Pathology Flashcards

1
Q

What does LT deprivation of affection result in?

A
  • Dec muscle tone
  • Poor language & socialization skills
  • Lack of basic trust
  • Anaclitic depression
  • Wt loss
  • Physical illness
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2
Q

What is anaclitic drepression?

A

Infant withdrawn/unresponsive

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3
Q

What are the 4 W’s of infant deprivation?

A
  • Weak
  • Wordless
  • Wanting (socially)
  • Wary
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4
Q

What can deprivation for >6mo lead to?

A

Irreversible changes

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5
Q

What can severe deprivation result in?

A

Infant death

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6
Q

What is the evidence of Physical child abuse?

A
  • Healed fx on X-ray
  • Burns (cigarette, scalding)
  • Subdural hemorrhage
  • Multiple bruises
  • Retinal hemorrhage or detachment
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7
Q

What is the evidence of Sexual child abuse?

A
  • Genital, anal or oral trauma
  • STI’s
  • UTI’s
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8
Q

Who is typically the abuser in Physical child abuse?

A

Male caregiver

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9
Q

Who is typically the abuse in Sexual child abuse?

A

Known to victim, usually male

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10
Q

How many deaths happen from Physical child abuse in the US?

A

~3,000 deaths/year

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11
Q

What is the age group for Physical child abuse?

A

80% <3yo

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12
Q

What is the Peak incidence of age for Sexual child abuse?

A

9-12 yo

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13
Q

What is child neglect?

A

Failure to provide a child w/ adequate food, shelter, supervision, education &/or affection

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14
Q

What is the MC form of child maltreatment?

A

Child neglect

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15
Q

What is the evidence of child neglect?

A
  • Poor hygiene
  • Malnutrition
  • Withdrawal
  • Impaired social/emotional dev
  • Failure to thrive
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16
Q

What should be reported to child protective services?

A

Child abuse or neglect

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17
Q

What is the onset of ADHD?

A

Before age 7

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18
Q

What is ADHD?

A

Limited attention span & poor impulse control

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19
Q

What is ADHD characterized by?

A
  • Hyperactivity
  • Impulsivity
  • Inattention in multiple settings
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20
Q

What is the pt intelligence like in ADHD?

A

Normal intelligence but difficulties in school

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21
Q

What is the duration of ADHD?

A

Continues into adulthood in 50% of pts

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22
Q

What is ADHD assc w/?

A

Dec frontal lobe volumes

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23
Q

What is the tx of ADHD?

A
  • Methylphenidate
  • Amphetamines
  • Atomoxetine
  • Behavior interventions (reinforcement, rewards)
24
Q

What is conduct disorder?

A

Repetitive & pervasive behavoir violating the basic rights of others (aggression, property destruction, theft)

25
Q

After age 18 what do pt w/ conduct disorder meet criteria for?

A

Antisocial personality disorder

26
Q

What is Oppositional defiant disorder?

A

Enduring pattern of hostile, defiant behavior toward authority figures in the absence of serious violation of social norms

27
Q

What is the onset of Tourette’s synd?

A

Before age 18

28
Q

What is Tourette’s synd characterized by?

A

Sudden, rapid, recurrent, nonrhythmic, stereotyped motot & vocal tics taht persist for >1 year

29
Q

The lifelong presence of Tourettes Synd is _____ in the general pop.

A

0.1-1.0%

30
Q

What is Coprolalia?

A

Involulntary obscene speech

31
Q

What % of Tourette pts is Coprolalia found in?

A

10-20% of pts

32
Q

What is Tourette’s synd assoc w/?

A

OCD

33
Q

What is the tx for Tourettes synd?

A

Antipsychotics & behavior therapy

34
Q

What is the common age of onset of Separation anxiety disorder?

A

7-9 yo

35
Q

What is Separation anxiety disorder?

A

Overwhelming fear of separation from home or loss of attachment figure

36
Q

What can separation anxiety disorder lead to?

A

Factitious physical complaints to avoid going to or staying at school

37
Q

What is the tx for separation anxiety disorder?

A

SSRIs & relaxation tech/behavioral interventions

38
Q

What is Pervasive developmental disorder?

A

Characterized by difficulties w/ language & failure to acquire or early loss of social skills

39
Q

What are the pervasive developmental disorders?

A
  • Autistic disorder
  • Asperger’s disorder
  • Rett’s disorder
  • Childhood distegrative disorder
40
Q

What is Autistic disorder?

A

Severe language impairment & poor social interactions

41
Q

What do Autistic pt’s have a greater focus on?

A

Objects>people

42
Q

What is Autistic disorder characterized by?

A

Repetitive behavior & usually below-normal intelligence

43
Q

What is Autistic disorder rarely accompanied by?

A

Unusual abilities (savants)

44
Q

Who is autistic disorder MC in?

A

Boys

45
Q

What is the tx for Autism?

A

Behavioral & supportive therapy to improve communication & social skills. Meds when appropriate

46
Q

What is Asperger’s disorder?

A

Milder form of autism

47
Q

What is Asperger’s disorder characterized by?

A
  • All-absorbing interests
  • Repetitive behavior
  • Problems w/ social relationships
48
Q

What is the intelligence like in Asperger’s disorder?

A

Children are of normal intelligence & lack verbal or cognitive deficits. No language impairment

49
Q

What is Rett’s disorder?

A

X-linked disorder seen almost exclusively in girls (affected males die in utero or shortly after birth)

50
Q

When do sx of Rett’s disorder become apparent?

A

Around ages 1-4

51
Q

What is Rett’s disorder characterized by?

A
  • Regression
  • Loss of development
  • Loss of verbal abilities
  • Mental retardation
  • Ataxia
  • Stereotyped hand-writing
52
Q

What is the age of onset of Childhood disintegrative disorder?

A

Common at 3-4 years

53
Q

What is Childhood disintegrative disorder?

A

Marked regression in multiple areas of functioning after a least 2 years of apparently normal development

54
Q

What do childhood disintegrative disorder pts have a significant loss of?

A
  • Expression or receptive language skills
  • Social skills or adaptive behavior
  • Bowel or bladder control
  • Play or motor skills
55
Q

Who are childhood disintegrative disorders MC in?

A

Boys

Psychiatry (6 decks)

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