Mood Disorders Flashcards
defining feature = abnormal mood
emotional extremes
intense, persistent and maladaptive disturbances
other symptoms/co-occurring disorders
mood disorders (affective disorders)
two key moods of mood disorders
depression and mania
typified by polarity and severity
abnormal mood variations
only depressive episodes
unipolar depressive disorders
manic and depressive episodes
bipolar depressive disorders
three kinds of unipolar disorders
major depressive disorder
persistent depressive disorder (dysthymia)
premenstrual disphoric disorder
depressed mood, anhedonia
changes in eating patterns, sleeping patterns and motor behavior
extreme fatigue, worthlessness or inappropriate guilt
difficulty concentrating or making decisions
passive or active suicidal thoughts or behaviors
major depressive disorder (MDD)
lasts a long time
intermittent normal moods occur briefly (not more than 2 months)
persistent depressive disorder (dysthymia)
genes: moderately heritable
neurochemicals: serotonin, norepi, dopamine
hormones: cortisol, immune system
neurobiology: emotion and reward processing networks
sleep: disturbance in REM sleep; circadian rhythms
biological causes of MDD
early adversity as diathesis
personality traits (neuroticism) diathesis
stressful life events as triggers
negative cognitive patterns or biases
psychological causes of MDD
future is out of one’s control
helplessness
attributional or explanatory style
reformulated helplessness
global, stable and negative inferences
hopelessness
focus on how one feels and why one feels that way
ruminative response styles
lack of support
social skills or interpersonal deficits
criticism, rejection and hostility
social factors for MDD
