Mood

Question 1

How did Brown & Astell (2012) define mood?

Answer 1

Affective states of mind that underlie our subjective mental life

Question 2

Do mood and emotion overlap?

Answer 2

Yes

Question 3

Outline Beedie, Terry & Lane’s (2005) conceptual separation

Answer 3

• 2 pronged approach
  1) Folk psychology perspective
• Asked 106 pps from a range of professions to distinguish emotion and mood
  2) Comparison w academic literature
• 65 published articles distinguishing mood and emotion

Question 4

What were the findings of Beedie, Terry & Lane’s (2005) Conceptual separation

Answer 4

• Common distinctions made by academics and pps
• Clear conceptual distinction, but…
• Some criteria require testing
• Interactions between 2 make it harder to separate
• Not universally agreed

Question 5

What do individual differences mean for mood?

Answer 5

• Some people are generally happier
• Reflect capacity and tendency to experience mood states

Question 6

What did Watson & Tellegen (1985) find when reviewing factor analysis studies of mood adjective ratings?

Answer 6

There are 2 dimensions: Positive affect & Negative affect

Question 7

What did Larsen et al (2001) find in terms of co-occurrence of positive and negative mood?

Answer 7

• Measured emotional state ratings before and after a tragic comedy film
• Evidence of co-activation after film
• Bittersweetness

Question 8

How many songs that people listen to on repeat reflect bittersweet feelings?

Answer 8

16%

Question 9

What did Matthew, Jones & Chamberlain (1990) find when factor analysing responses to 48 UMACL?

Answer 9

• 3D model of mood
• Pleasantness modestly associated with arousal scales
  (Tense arousal: Anxious - calm) (Energetic arousal: active - sleepy) (Hedonic tone: Cheerful - Gloomy)

Question 10

What can bias the assessment of mood?

Answer 10

• Current mood
• Most extreme mood during period covered
• Mood state at end of the period
• Beliefs and expectations about mood patterns

Question 11

What did Areni & Burger (2008) find in their first study about the days of the week & culture

Answer 11

• Best moods on Fri evening & Sat morning
• Worst moods on Mon morning an evening

Question 12

What was different about Areni & Burger’s (2008) 2nd study?

Answer 12

• Days 1-7 daily momentary mood assessments
• Day 8 mood stereotypes for the week + retrospective mood assessments

Question 13

What were the findings of Areni & Burger’s (2008) 2nd study?

Answer 13

• Little evidence that mood stereotypes reflect real moods
• For Mondays, mood stereotypes were a better predictor of remembered mood than actual moods were

Question 14

What did Schwartz & Clore (1983) find about effects on current mood?

Answer 14

• Called on sunny or rainy days, how happy they felt rn and as a whole
• Both answers for sunny days were around 7
• For rainy days were around 5

Question 15

What is the Peak-end Theory?

Answer 15

• Patient’s retrospective ratings influenced by Peak and End experiences
• Lower correlations w duration of experiences

Question 16

What did Chajut et al (2014) find for the peak-end theory?

Answer 16

• Used momentary pain reports every 20 mins until birth
• Retrospective pain ratings taken 2 days/months later
• Avg of peak and end pain ratings were stronger predictors of remembered pain ratings than actual avg levels of pain experiences

Question 17

How are negative and positive affect influenced by experiences?

Answer 17

Peak experiences: influence negative affect
End experiences: influence positive affect

Question 18

What are the pros of the contemporaneous mood assessment?

Answer 18

• Collected simultaneously w the experience
• Accurate snapshot of mood state
• Free of cognitive biases
• Temporal decision