monosaccharides and disaccarides

Question 1

what do all organic compounds contain

Answer 1

carbon atoms

Question 2

how many bonds does a carbon atom make

Answer 2

4 bonds so it can join with up to four other atoms

Question 3

what shape does the four bonds of carbon make

Answer 3

tetrahedral shape and leads to formation of branched chains or rings or any 3D shape

Question 4

monomers

Answer 4

small molecules

Question 5

polymer

Answer 5

large molecules

Question 6

monosaccharides

Answer 6

simple sugars with one oxygen atom and two hydrogen atoms for each carbon atom present

Question 7

general formula for monosaccharides

Answer 7

(CH2O)n

Question 8

triose sugars molecular formula

Answer 8

C3H6O3

Question 9

pentose sugars molecular formula

Answer 9

C5H10O5

Question 10

importance of triose sugars

Answer 10

important in mitochondria where glucose is broken down into triose sugars during respiration

Question 11

hexose sugars molecular formula

Answer 11

C6H12OG

Question 12

importance of pentose sugars

Answer 12

ribose and deoxyribose are important in the nucleic acids DNA and RNA which make up genetic material

Question 13

importance of hexose sugars

Answer 13

taste sweet and include glucose
galactose and fructose

Question 14

what type of sugar is ribose

Answer 14

a pentose sugar

Question 15

disaccharides

Answer 15

made up of to monosaccharides

Question 16

how do to monossacharides join

Answer 16

through a condensation reaction

Question 17

whats a glycosidic bond

Answer 17

bond between two monosaccharides thats covalent

Question 18

isomer

Answer 18

molecules with the same chemical formula but different molecular structure

Question 19

reducing sugars

Answer 19

sugars that react with benedicts solution and reduce copper ions to copper one ions to gove orange red precipitate

Question 20

non reducing sugars

Answer 20

sugars that dont react with benedicts sugars

Question 21

name 3 disaccharides

Answer 21

sucrose
lactose
maltose

Question 22

source of sucrose

Answer 22

stored in plants such as sugar cane

Question 23

source of lactose

Answer 23

milk sugar
main carb found in milk

Question 24

source of maltose

Answer 24

found in germinating seeds like barley

Question 25

monosaccharides that make up sucrose

Answer 25

alpha glucose and fructose

Question 26

monosacahrides that make up lactose

Answer 26

alpha glucose and beta galactose

Question 27

monosaccharides that make up maltose

Answer 27

alpha glucose and alpha glucose

Question 28

3 hexose monosaccharides

Answer 28

glucose
fructose
galactose

Question 29

what type of isomer is alpha glucose

Answer 29

cis isomer

Question 30

what type of isomer is beta glucose

Answer 30

trans isomer

Question 31

relate the structure of glucose to its function

Answer 31

small and water soluble- travel easily in bloodstream
-complementary shape to antiport for co transport for absorption in the gut
-complementary shape to enzymes for glycolysis is respiratory substrate

Question 32

difference between structure of glucose and maltose

Answer 32

glucose mono and maltose di