Monogastric Stomach

Question 1

Critical factors for normal stomach function

Answer 1

Patent pyloric outflow, motility, structural and functional integrity of mucosa

Question 2

How does the gmb work

Answer 2

Mucous cells secrete mucous, blood flow bring in bicarbonate and nutrients and mucous and bicarb make a ph gradient where it’s more acidic near the acidic lumen and neutral near the gastric epithelium.
Tight junctions prevent leakage.
PG help protect mucosa, stimulated bicarb secretion, maintain blood flow.

Question 3

Common gastric neoplasia in cats, dogs, horses

Answer 3

Cat-lymphoma
Dog-adenocarcinoma
Horse-squamous cell carcinoma

Question 4

GDV-signalment, signs, what other organs does it affect

Answer 4

Large deep chested breeds
Rapid gas distention of stomach, non productive retching, dyspnea, shock (press caudal vena cava and diaphragm).
Takes spleen with it-congestion of both

Question 5

Pathogenesis of acute gastritis

Answer 5

Injury to mucosa →hcl diffuses to submucosa and stimulates nerves and vomiting and also hcl and pepsinogen secretion.
Hcl will also stimulate mast cells in submucosa to stimulate histamine.
Leakage of plasma fluid and proteins which is good because it help decrease acidity and adds Ig and antiproteases.

Question 6

Causes of secondary gastritis

Answer 6

Whatever increases hcl secretion and decreases mucosal blood flow.
Dic, shock
Renal failure.
Liver disease.
Hyperhistaminemia.
Hypoadrenocorticism.

Question 7

Gastric ulcers are important in what species

Answer 7

Foals-stress, first summer of life
Adult horses (with nsaids)-performance horse
Dogs (secondary gastritis)
Pigs (economic impact)-bleeding ulcer can lead to exsanguination