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Veterinary Nursing Anaesthesia and Analgesia > Monitoring Anaesthesia > Flashcards

Monitoring Anaesthesia Flashcards

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1
Q

Why is monitoring anaesthesia important?

A
  • Ensure appropriate depth of anaesthesia is given for the procedure
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2
Q

What 3 systems are prioritised when monitoring a patient?

A
  • Cardio-vascular
  • Central nervous
  • Respiratory
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3
Q

What is the normal HR for dogs and cats?

A
  • Dog = 70-140

- Cat - 100-200

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4
Q

What superficial arteries would you palpate? Name 2

A
  • Femoral
  • Sublingual
  • Nasal
  • Ulnar
  • Palmar meta-carpal
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5
Q

When palapating the apex beat you realise the pulse is low. What is this commonly a sign of?

A
  • Hypotension
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6
Q

What do stethoscopes help you monitor? (heart)

A
  • Rhythm
  • Rate
  • Valve function
  • Contractiblity
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7
Q

What is the best kind of stethoscope to use when monitoring a patients heart?

A
  • oesophageal stethoscope
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8
Q

Name 2 methods of indirectly measure blood pressure/ pulse quality

A
  • palpation
  • oscillo-tonometry (pneumatic cuff)
  • Ultrasonic (doppler)
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9
Q

Name a direct method of measuring blood pressure/pulse quality

A

transducer via intra-arterial catheter

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10
Q

What is the normal CRT and name a reason why it may be delayed

A

normal = <2 seconds

Delayed - hypotension or vasoconstriction

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11
Q

What are bright pink mucous membranes a sign of?

A

Hypercapnia

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12
Q

What are white mucous membranes a sign of?

A

Hypotension / blood loss

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13
Q

What are blue mucous membranes a sign of?

A

Cyanosis

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14
Q

How is haemoglobin saturation measured?

A

Pulse oximetery

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15
Q

How does pulse oximetry work?

A
  • Red and infrared light beams used to detect presence of oxygenated arterial blood
    Also measures pulse rate
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16
Q

How is perfusion monitored ? Name 2 methods

A
  • Pulse pressure
  • CRT
  • Pulse oximetry
  • Temperature (extremities in comparison to core)
  • Urine output (if >1ml/kg/hr then perfusion is adequate)
17
Q

How can looking at the surgical sight signify good perfusion or bad perfusion

A

Good perfusion = red blood oozing at site

Poor perfusion = dark oozing blood

18
Q

What 3 things impact the depth of anaesthesia required?

A
  • Procedure
  • Activity during surgery
  • Skin experience
19
Q

How do you check a patients CNS activity

A
  • Reflexes (cranial Nerve)
20
Q

name 3 cranial nerve reflexes you should tests?

A
  • Palpebral
  • jaw tone
  • Tongue curl
  • Eye position
  • Pupil diameter
  • Corneal reflex
  • Salivation (profuse in inadequate anaesthesia)
  • Lacrimation (dry in deep anaesthesia)
21
Q

What is the normal resp rate for cats and dogs?

A

Dog - 10-30

Cat - 20-30

22
Q

What is the anaethetised resp rate for cats and dogs?

A
  • Cat - 20-30

- Dog - 8-30

23
Q

What impacts resp rate during anaesthesia? (3 things)

A
  • Depth of anesthesia
  • Surgical stimulation
  • Drugs used
24
Q

What drug causes apnoea

A

Propofol

25
Q

What autonomic responses are expected to react during procedures?

A
  • Heart rate
  • blood pressure
  • Pupil diameter
  • CRT
  • Skeletal muscle tone and response to toe pinching
26
Q

How do monitor respiratory rate? (name 2)

A
  • wrights respirometer
  • Pulse oximeter
  • AP alert
  • Capnography
  • Ausculation, counting, watching bag
27
Q

How do you measure temperature in a patient

A

rectal thermometer

Veterinary Nursing Anaesthesia and Analgesia (25 decks)

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