Monasticisim, Education and Language

Question 1

What did the rule of St. Benedict teach?

Answer 1

Focused on principles of poverty, chastity, obedience

Question 2

How did Lanfranc reform the Church?

Answer 2

To be more in line with the rule of St. Benedict

Question 3

What often happened to monks who rebelled?

Answer 3

Rules were enforced violently, some killed

Question 4

What were the Cluniac reforms?

Answer 4

A series of reforms to the English Church - the Cluniac Order was brought to England by William de Warenne

Question 5

What did William de Warenne do?

Answer 5

Convinced the Cluniac order of monks to set up a priory at Lewes

Question 6

When was the Cluniac priory in Lewes established?

Answer 6

1078-82

Question 7

How was the Church reformed to be more Cluniac?

Answer 7

More Cluniac monks brought to England to run abbeys

Question 8

By the end of the 1000s, how many Cluniac monasteries were in England?

Answer 8

36

Question 9

How did the Cluniacs change the Church?

Answer 9

Followed a stricter interpretation of St. Benedict’s rules

Question 10

By 1086, how many Anglo-Saxon abbots were left?

Answer 10

3

Question 11

Why were Anglo-Saxon nobles removed from their positions?

Answer 11

Doubts about loyalty

Question 12

How was there continuity in monasteries?

Answer 12

Most monks and monastery staff were still Anglo-Saxon

Question 13

What style were new religious buildings built in?

Answer 13

Romanesque

Question 14

What is an example of a new Romanesque abbey?

Answer 14

Whitby Abbey

Question 15

How did taxing help the Normans control the English Church?

Answer 15

English monasteries’ treasures were stolen and taken to Normandy, churches were taxed heavily

Question 16

How did the number of monks and nuns increase?

Answer 16

From 1000 to 4000-5000

Question 17

How did the number of monasteries increase?

Answer 17

From around 60 to 250

Question 18

Where were Anglo-Saxon children educated?

Answer 18

Church, monasteries and convents

Question 19

Who was educated in Anglo-Saxon times?

Answer 19

Only the higher classes - peasants were not educated

Question 20

How did the Norman reforms change education?

Answer 20

Children could no longer be educated in religious establishments - schools built

Question 21

By the 1100s, how many schools were there?

Answer 21

40

Question 22

How did the feudal system affect monasteries?

Answer 22

They had to provide military service - could be expensive to support soldiers

Question 23

How did Lanfranc and Anselm support education?

Answer 23

Built libraries

Question 24

What was the main purpose of Church schools?

Answer 24

To produce priests

Question 25

What other group was also educated?

Answer 25

Some sons of nobles - become literate

Question 26

What subjects did they learn?

Answer 26

Theology, history, medicine...

Question 27

What was education for girls like?

Answer 27

Some daughters of nobles received basic education, but none went to school

Question 28

What other type of school could boys attend?

Answer 28

Grammar school

Question 29

What was taught at grammar schools?

Answer 29

Latin

Question 30

Name an example of places where the Normans built grammar schools.

Answer 30

Northampton, Exeter

Question 31

What was the main (written) language of Norman England?

Answer 31

Latin, but nobles also spoke French

Question 32

What was the language of the Christian Church?

Answer 32

Latin

Question 33

What became the language of the aristocracy after the Conquest?

Answer 33

French

Question 34

What was the vernacular of Norman England?

Answer 34

Anglo-Saxon

Question 35

What language was created after the Conquest?

Answer 35

Anglo-Norman

Question 36

What language did many monks continue to write in?

Answer 36

Anglo-Saxon