Historic Environment: Durham Cathedral Flashcards
Between what years was Durham Cathedral built?
1093-1133
What style was the Cathedral built in?
Romanesque
What was a cultural reason the Cathedral was built?
To intimidate local Anglo-Saxons
Describe the columns and where they may have taken influence from.
Long, spiral columns - reminiscent of St. Peter’s Basilica in Islamic Spain
How was continuity shown in the design?
Elaborate carvings - Anglo-Saxon tradition
Name 3 examples of where Romanesque influence is seen in the design.
Rounded arches, quire, wide aisles, transepts to make a cross shape, round columns + symmetrical patterns, high ceilings
How was the Cathedral useful for political reasons?
Located near Scottish border/near coast - reminded Scottish and Viking invaders that God would be on their side
How was the location useful?
Built on high banks of River Wear, next to Durham Castle
What was a Prince Bishop?
A title to show that the Bishop of Durham had both religious and political authority.
How did the Prince Bishop have political authority?
He could raise an army, impose taxes and mint coins to raise revenue
Who was William St. Calais?
Norman Prince Bishop of Durham
Why was the Cathedral originally built?
Replace the Anglo-Saxon Great Church, house the relics of St. Cuthbert.
How did Durham Cathedral have economic impacts?
They could make money from pilgrims visiting
When did construction on the Cathedral begin?
1093
When did construction on the Cathedral end?
1133
How did Durham Cathedral increase relations with local Anglo-Saxons?
Housed the relics of St. Cuthbert:
- Popular with the English
- Unlike many Normans, the Benedictine monks who took over the Cathedral respected Cuthbert
