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BIO359 > Mollecular Biology > Flashcards

Mollecular Biology Flashcards

1
Q

What does DNA code for?

A

Proteins

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2
Q

How many cells are in the human body?

A

100 Trillion (10^12)

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3
Q

What 3 cell types don’t contain the full human DNA?

A

Platelets, Oecytes and spermatozoa

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4
Q

Where is DNA found?

A

Nucleus and mitochondria

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5
Q

How many base pairs are in the human genome?

A

6.14 billion

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6
Q

What percentage of human DNA is unique?

A

less than 1%

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7
Q

What are chromosomes?

A

Tightly packed DNA

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8
Q

What biological material is relevant to a case?

A

Any

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9
Q

What is a genome?

A

Genetic information of an organism

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10
Q

What is a gene?

A

A functional unit of inheritance

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11
Q

What is a locus?

A

A site within a genome

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12
Q

What is an allele?

A

Different versions of the same gene or locus

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13
Q

What is a polymorphism?

A

A change in the order of base pairs

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14
Q

What is a tandem repeat?

A

A repeated group of base pairs

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15
Q

What is the purpose of PCR?

A

To allow us to create millions of copies of a small section of DNA allowing for better detection

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16
Q

If a suspect doesn’t plea guilty, what happens?

A

The forensics expert testifies

17
Q

What can DNA comparison result in? (3)

A

Inclusion, exclusion or inconclusive results

18
Q

Who is included in the elimination samples? (6)

A

Consensual sex partners, family members, roommates, crime scene technicians, detectives and laboratory personnel

19
Q

What is the basic unit of life?

A

The cell

20
Q

What is DNA’s two purposes?

A

to make copies of itself and to carry instructions on how to make proteins.

21
Q

What is the centre of a chromosome called?

A

A centromere

22
Q

How often do gloves need to be changed?

A

Between each piece of evidence

23
Q

Why do bloodstains need to be dried?

A

To prevent mould

24
Q

What are the four requirements of a presumptive test?

A

Simple, inexpensive, safe and easy

25
Q

What is the confirmatory test for spermatozoa?

A

Checking under a microscope

26
Q

What is forensic biology governed by in Australia?

A

The department of health

27
Q

What are serious crimes in Australia? (4)

A

Homicide, sexual assault, drugs and armed robbery

28
Q

What association accredits forensics labs?

A

NATA

29
Q

When are crime and reference samples collected?

A

Simultaneously

30
Q

What parts of the body can provide DNA?

A

Any

31
Q

Define heterozygocity

A

How different something is between individuals

BIO359 (8 decks)

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