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BIO359 > Evidence Analysis, Recovery and QA > Flashcards

Evidence Analysis, Recovery and QA Flashcards

1
Q

When may DNA samples be rejected?

A

If they are non-compliant

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2
Q

What does PPE protect?

A

Staff and exhibits

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3
Q

How are exhibits separated?

A

By time and space

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4
Q

What is paramount in a lab?

A

Cleanliness

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5
Q

How is packaging opened?

A

In a way that protects the seals as much as possible

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6
Q

How are details of an exhibit recored?

A

On a worksheet

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7
Q

What is the point of examination?

A

To identify points of interest

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8
Q

What can go wrong in a lab? (6)

A

Staff, equipment, tests, procedures, integrity and delivery

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9
Q

How often is a method tested for quality control?

A

Constantly

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10
Q

What about samples is argued in court?

A

Integrity

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11
Q

How many cells are required for a DNA profile?

A

At least 3

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12
Q

How are results interpreted?

A

Based on guidelines

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13
Q

What happens when something goes wrong?

A

Corrective action is taken

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14
Q

What ensures standards are met?

A

Accreditation

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15
Q

What is removed in DNA extraction?

A

Interfering proteins and enzymes

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16
Q

What are the two DNA extraction steps?

A

Breaking the matrix and lysing the cells

17
Q

How is a DNA matrix broken? (2)

A

Mechanical (Mortar and pesel) or Chemical (Protein Kinase A)

18
Q

What is the difference between organic extraction, silica kits and Chelex?

A

Organic extraction is more pure but takes longer than Chelex. Silica kits are in between.

19
Q

What is the most widely used form of DNA extraction?

A

Organic

20
Q

Why is Chelex advantageous for PCR?

A

Because it removes inhibitors

21
Q

What is quality assurance?

A

The planned, systematic practise to provide confidence in a product

22
Q

What is quality control?

A

The scrutiny of daily techniques

23
Q

Why are audits conducted?

A

To make sure standards are met

24
Q

What do positive and negative tests ensure?

A

Reagents are working properly

25
Q

What is validations purpose?

A

To show that techniques are robust

26
Q

What provides interpretation guidelines?

A

Standard Operating Procedures

27
Q

What does too much DNA result in?

A

Overblown electropherograms

28
Q

What does too little DNA result in?

A

A loss of alleles

29
Q

How many PCR cycles does it take to have 1 billion copies of DNA?

A

32

30
Q

How large is a PCR assay?

A

5-100uL

31
Q

What does a negative control test for?

A

Contamination

32
Q

Why is contamination an issue with PCR?

A

Due to how sensitive the method is, it can detect very small amounts of DNA.

BIO359 (8 decks)

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