Molecular Mechanism Of Necrosis And Apoptosis Flashcards
Morphological features of necrosis
Loss of membrane integrity
Begins with cytoplasm and mito swelling
Ends with total cell lysis, no vesicle formation,complete lysis
Disintegration of organelles
Morphological features of apoptosis
Membrane blebbing
No loss of integrity of membrane
Begins with shrinking of cytoplasm and condensation of nucleus
Ends with fragmentation of cell into smaller bodies
Mito become leaky due to Bcl-2 fam
Biochemical features of necrosis
Loss of regulation of ion homeostasis
No energy
Random digestion of DNA
Postlytic DNA fragmentation
Biochemical features ıf apoptosis
Tightly regulated process
Energy dependent
Prelytic DNA
Release of various factors into cytoplasm by mito
Activation of caspase cascade
Alterations in membrane asymmetry
Disorders associated with inhibition of apoptosis
Follicular lymphoma
Breast cancer
Prostate cancer
Ovarian cancer
Lupus
Viral infections
Disorders associated with excessive apoptosis
AIDS
Alzheimer’s
Parkinson’s
ALS
Aplastic anemia
Alcoholism
Ischemia
2 types of caspases
Initiator= 8,9—> activating effector caspases
Effector = 3,7—> effect protein substrates
Caspases synthesized as
Inactive pro-enzyme
Cascapase cleavage ?
Cytosolic protein
Nuclear lamin
Cytc c located
In the inner membrane of mito
Cytc c binds to which protein in order to activate caspases
Apaf-1
What regulates intracellular activation of caspases
BCL2 family control apoptosis
Why Bcl-2 act as pro-survival
BH4—> survival domain
Which to Bcl-2 family member appear to act by dimerizing
Bcl-2 and Bcl-xl
Bcl-2 and Bcl-xl antagonists
Bax
Bak
