Molecular Biology 2.1

Question 1

4 types of molecules in living organisms

Answer 1

1) Carbohydrates
2) lipids
3)Proteins
4)Nucleic acids
NOTE: They all are organic.

Question 2

What are aqua-porins ?

Answer 2

Channels that allow water molecules to pass through membrane.

Question 3

What are monomers of Carbohydrates called ?

Answer 3

Monosaccharides

Question 4

What are monomers of lipids called ?

Answer 4

Glycerol, fatty acids

Question 5

What are monomers of Proteins (polypeptides) called ?

Answer 5

Amino acids

Question 6

What are monomers of Nucleic acids called ?

Answer 6

Nucleotide

Question 7

Monosaccharides Examples

Answer 7

1) Glucose
2) Galactose
3) Fructose
4) Ribose

Question 8

Disaccharides Examples

Answer 8

1) Maltose
2) Lactose
3) Sucrose

Question 9

Polysaccharides Examples

Answer 9

1) Starch
2) Glycogen
3) Cellulose
4) Chitin

Question 10

Proteins Examples

Answer 10

Enzymes, antibodies,peptide hormones.

Question 11

Lipids Examples

Answer 11

1) Triglycerides= Fats stored in adipose cells
2) Phospholipids= lipids forming a bilayer
3) Steroids= Some Hormones

Question 12

Types of Nucleic acids

Answer 12

1) DNA
2) RNA
3) ATP

Question 13

Metabolism is equal to

Answer 13

Catabolism+Anabolism

Question 14

Catabolism definition

Answer 14

Conversion of large molecules to small molecules

Question 15

Anabolism definition

Answer 15

Conversion of small molecules to large molecules

Question 16

What is Hydrolysis ?

Answer 16

The chemical breakdown of a compound due to reaction with water.

1) Water always splits as part of this reaction.
2) Water molecules are reactants

Question 17

Hydrolysis Of Lactose

Answer 17

Lactose +water = glucose + galactose

Question 18

Hydrolysis Of a triglyceride lipid to form glycerol and fatty acids

Answer 18

Triglyceride + 3H2O =Glycerol + 3 fatty acids

Question 19

What is condensation reaction?

Answer 19

During condensation reaction, two molecules combine to form a single molecule with the loss of a small molecule; in dehydration reaction, this lost molecule is water.
1) Water molecules are products rather than reactants

Question 20

Example of condensation Reaction

Answer 20

amino acids= protein+water