Biodiversity Classification Flashcards
Objectives of Binomial nomenclature
1) Unique name for each organism
2) Name can be universally understood
3) Stability exist within the system, Name cant be changed without valid scientific reasons.
4) The binomial system allows for scientists across cultures, regions and languages to communicate effectively with regards to specific organisms.
Binomial nomenclature
1) Swedish naturalist Carolus Linnaeus
2) 1st name=genus, always capitalized
3) 2nd name=species, starts with a small letter
Taxonomy
System biologist use to group organisms based on similar characteristics
TAXONS: Kingdom, phylum, class..
Domain system
1) Another approach
2) 3 Domains: Archaea,Bacteria, Eukaryota.
3) Archaea: Can live in extreme environments, single celled
4) Bacteria: Abundant, live n most habitats
5) Eukaryota: Contain cells that have membrane bound nucleus.
Classification of Eukaryota, Also called as phylogentic tree
Kingdom, phylum, class, order,family, genus, species.
Phylogentic tree
1) illustrates the evolutionary relationships between
Kingdoms
1) Protista: consist of both hetero and autotrophs, eukaryotic, single celled
2) Animalia: Heterotrophs,multicellular
3) Fungi: Heterotrophs, Cell wall made out of chitin
4) Plantae: Autotrophs
Natural classification
1) involves grouping organisms based on similarities first and then identifying shared characteristics
2) all members of a particular group would have shared a common ancestor
3) highly mutable and tend to change as new information is discovered
4) predict characteristics shared by species within a group
5) help in identification of species
Artificial classification
1) involves arbitrarily selecting unifying characteristics first and then grouping organisms accordingly
2) easy to develop and relatively stable
3) they do not generally show evolutionary relationships
Usefulness of Natural Classification
1) show evolutionary relationships and predict characteristics shared by species within a group
