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Psyc 200 > Modules 18 and 19 > Flashcards

Modules 18 and 19 Flashcards

1
Q

Act or sense of hearing

A

Audition

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2
Q

Determines loudness

A

Amplitude

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3
Q

Measured in hertz and determines pitch

A

Frequency

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4
Q

A tone’s experienced highness or lowness, depends on frequency

A

Pitch

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5
Q

Measured in decibels

A

Sound Intensity

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6
Q

Chamber between eardrum and cochlea constraining 3 tiny bones that concentrate vibrations of the eardrum on the cochlea’s oval window

A

Middle ear

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7
Q

Coiled, bony, fluid-filled tube in the inner ear; sound waves traveling through the cochlear fluid trigger nerve impulses

A

Cochlea

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8
Q

Innermost part of ear, containing the cochlea, semicircular canals, and vestibular sacs

A

Inner ear

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9
Q

Main mechanical element within cochlea of inner ear

A

Basilar Membrane

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10
Q

Primary sensory receptor cells within the inner ear

A

Hair Cells

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11
Q

Relays neural activity to CNS

A

Auditory Nerve

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12
Q

Part of temporal love that processes auditory information

A

Auditory Cortex

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13
Q

Nociceptors

A

Sensory receptors

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14
Q

The most common form of hearing loss, caused by damage to cochlea’s receptor cells or auditory information

A

Sensorineural hearing loss (nerve deafness)

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15
Q

Caused by damage to the mechanical system that conducts sounds waves to the cochlea

A

Conduction hearing loss

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16
Q

Device that converts sounds into electrical signals and stimulating the auditory nerve through electrodes threaded into the cochlea

A

Cochlear implant

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17
Q

Links the pitch we hear with the place where the cochlea’s membrane is stimulated

A

Place Theory (place coding)

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18
Q

The rate of nerve impulses traveling up the auditory nerve matched the frequency of a tone, thus enabling us to sense its pitch

A

Frequency Theory (temporal coding)

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19
Q

The spinal cord contains a neurological “gate” that blocks pain signals or allows them to pass on to the brain

A

Gate-control Theory

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20
Q

Pain signals traveling up small nerve fibers (open or close)

A

Gate Opens

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21
Q

Large fibers or information coming from the brain (open or close)

A

Gate Closes

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22
Q

Phantom sound of ringing ears

A

Tinnitus

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23
Q

People are likely to do whatever they see as being the norm

A

Social Influence Theory

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24
Q

When an auditory component of one sound is paired with a visual component, leading to the perception of a third sound

A

McGurk Effect

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25
Q

Idea that many features of cognition are shaped by the state and capacities of an organism

A

Embodied Cognition

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26
Q

Where a person suggests to another that certain perceptions, feelings, thoughts, or behavior will spontaneously occur

A

Hypnosis

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27
Q

Split in consciousness, allows some thoughts and behaviors to occur simultaneously with others

A

Dissociation

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28
Q

Suggestion made during hypnosis to be carried out after the subject is no longer hypnotized

A

Posthypnotic Suggestion

29
Q

Gustation

A

Sense of taste

30
Q

Olfaction

A

Sense of smell

31
Q

Our movement sense, for sensing the position and movement of individual body parts

A

Kinesthesia

32
Q

Our balance sense, sense of body movement and position that enables our sense of balance

A

Vestibular Sense

33
Q

The principle that one sense can influence another

A

Sensory Interaction

34
Q

The influence of bodily sensations and gestures on cognitive preferences and judgements

A

Embodied Cognition

35
Q

Perception can occur apart from sensory input (includes telepathy, clairvoyance, and precognition)

A

Extrasensory Perception (ESP)

36
Q

Study of paranormal phenomena (ESP and telekinesis)

A

Parapsychology

37
Q

We pick out objects (figure) standing out against a background (ground)

A

Figure Ground Perception

38
Q

Do you see a goblet or two faces?

A

Figure Ground Perception

39
Q

A meaningful pattern/configuration form a “whole” that is more than the sum of its parts

A

Gestalt

40
Q

Proximity, continuity, and closure

A

Wholes (Gestalt)

41
Q

Test of depth

A
42
Q

Test of depth perception, babies seem to develop the ability at crawling age

A

Visual Cliff

43
Q

Depth cue that depends on the use of two eyes, gives us retinal disparity

A

Binocular Cues

44
Q

Allows us to see depth

A

Retinal Disparity

45
Q

Needing only one eye

A

Monocular Cues

46
Q

When one object appears to block the view of another, we assume that the blocking object is in a position between our eyes and the blocked object

A

Monocular Cue: Interposition

47
Q

We intuitively know to interpret familiar objects as farther away when they appear smaller

A

Monocular Cue: Relative Size

48
Q

Flowers in distance seem farther away because the rows converge. Our brain reads this as a sign of distance

A

Monocular Cue: Linear Perspective and Interposition

49
Q

We tend to perceive the higher part of a scene as farther away

A

Monocular Cue: Relative Height

50
Q

Ability to see objects as appearing the same even under different lighting, distances, or angles (top-down process)

A

Perceptual Constancy

51
Q

Snow during day is white, snow during night is still white

A

Perceptual Constancy

52
Q

x

A

Relative Luminance

53
Q

Ability to adjust to changed sensory input

A

Perceptual Adaptation

54
Q

After our sensory information is distorted, humans may at first be disoriented but can learn to adjust and function (delayed tv audio or new glasses)

A

Perceptual Adaptation

55
Q

The length of a sound wave, high and low sounds (pitch)

A

Frequency

56
Q

Height or intensity of a sound wave, loud and soft (volume)

A

Amplitude

57
Q

Sound quality or resonance

A

Complexity

58
Q

The sense or act of hearing

A

Audition

59
Q

Collects sound and funnels it to the eardrum

A

Outer Ear

60
Q

Sound waves hit the eardrum and move 3 bones in ways that amplify vibrations. Vibrations are sent to the oval window of the cochlea.

A

Middle Ear

61
Q

Names of 3 bones in the middle ear

A
  • Hammer
  • Anvil
  • Stirrup
62
Q

Waves of fluid move from oval window over the cochlea’s “hair” receptor cells and send signals through auditory nerves to temporal lobe

A

Inner Ear

63
Q

The inner ear contains the:

A
  • Cochlea
  • Semicircular canals
  • Vestibular sacs
64
Q

Primary sensory receptor cells within the inner ear

A

Hair Cells

65
Q

When the middle ear isn’t conducting sounds to the cochlea well

A

Conduction Hearing Loss

66
Q

Hearing loss caused by damage to the mechanical system

A

Conduction Hearing Loss

67
Q

Most common form of hearing loss

A

Sensorineural Hearing Loss (nerve deafness)

68
Q

When the receptor cells aren’t sending messages through the auditory nerves

A

Sensorineural Hearing Loss

Psyc 200 (6 decks)

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