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Psyc 200 > Modules 17 and 18 > Flashcards

Modules 17 and 18 Flashcards

1
Q

Brain receives input from sensory organs

A

Sensation

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2
Q

Sensory nerve endings that respond to stimuli

A

Sensory receptors

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3
Q

Brain makes sense out of the input from sensory organs

A

Perception

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4
Q

Taking sensory information and assembling and integrating it (what am I seeing ?)

A

Bottom-up processing

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5
Q

Using models, expectations, and ideas to interpret sensory information (is that something I’ve seen before?)

A

Top-down processing

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6
Q

stimulation of sensory receptor cells

A

Reception

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7
Q

transforming cell stimulation into neural impulses

A

Transduction

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8
Q

delivering neural information to the brain to be processed

A

Transmission

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9
Q

diminished sensitivity as a consequence of constant stimulation (rock in shoe)

A

Sensory adaptation

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10
Q

mental predisposition to perceive one thing and not another

A

Perceptual set

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11
Q

minimum energy needed to detect a particular stimulus

A

Absolute threshold

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12
Q

predicting how and when we detect the presence of a faint stimulus (signal) amid background stimulation (noise).

A

Signal detection theory

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13
Q

stimuli you cannot consciously detect, below absolute threshold

A

Subliminal

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14
Q

activation, often unconsciously, predisposing one’s perception, memory, or response

A

Priming

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15
Q

minimum difference between two stimuli required for detection 50 percent of time

A

Difference threshold

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16
Q

to be perceived as different, two stimuli must differ by a constant minimum

A

Weber’s law

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17
Q

distance from one wave peak to the next

A

Wavelength

18
Q

color is determined by the wavelength of light

A

Hue

19
Q

amount of energy in a light wave (influences brightness)

A

Intensity

20
Q

part of eye that contains rods and cones and begins processing of visual information

A

Retina

21
Q

when the lens changes shape to focus on near or far objects on the retina

A

Accommodation

22
Q

Detects black and white and helps us see in the dark

A

Rods

23
Q

Detects fine details and color and functions in daylight or bright light

A

Cones

24
Q

Carries neural impulses from eye to brain

A

Optic Nerve

25
Q

Where the optic nerve leaves the eye and no receptor cells are located

A

Blind Spot

26
Q

Central focal point in the retina around the eye’s cones cluster

A

Fovea

27
Q

Nerve cells that respond to specific features of stimulus (shape, angle, and movement)

A

Feature Detectors

28
Q

Turning light into the mental act of seeing

A

Parallel processing

29
Q

Organization of a visual field into objects (Figures) that stand out from surroundings (ground)

A

Figure ground

30
Q

Perceptual tendency to organize stimuli into coherent groups

A

Grouping

31
Q

Ability to see objects in three dimensions and allows use to judge distance

A

Depth Perception

32
Q

Laboratory device for testing depth perception in infants and young animals

A

Visual Cliff

33
Q

Depth cue that depends on use of two eyes

A

Binocular Cue

34
Q

Cue for perceiving depth, greater the distance between two images, the closer the object

A

Retinal Disparity

35
Q

Depth cue available to one eye alone

A

Monocular cue

36
Q

Illusion of movement created when two or more adjacent lights blink on and off in quick succession

A

Phi Phenomemon

37
Q

Perceiving objects as unchanged even as lighting and retinal images change

A

Perceptual Constancy

38
Q

Ability to adjust to changed sensory input

A

Perceptual Adaptation

39
Q

Myopia

A

Nearsightedness

40
Q

There are three color receptor cones (red, green, blue) and the colors we perceive are created by light waves stimulating combinations of these cones (3 color theory)

A

Young-Hemholtz Trichromatic Theory

41
Q

Color vision depends on three sets of opposing retinal processes, red-green, blue-yellow, white-black. It’s either this or that. (green and yellow to red and blue flag)

A

Opponent-process Theory

Psyc 200 (6 decks)

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