Modules 15 and 16 Flashcards
Sex, Gender, and Sexuality
Sex
body defined (biological characteristics)
Gender
mind defined (behavioral characteristics)
Intersex
possessing male and female biological sex characteristics
Aggression
physical or verbal behavior intended to hurt someone psychically or emotionally
Relational aggression
aggression intended to hard a person’s relationship or social standing
X chromosome
sex chromosome (XX female)
Y chromosome
sex chromosome (XY male)
Testosterone
male sex hormone
Estrogens
female sex hormones
Puberty
period of sexual maturation, when person becomes capable pf producing
Primary sex characteristics
reproductive sexual traits (genitalia)
Secondary sex characteristics
nonproductive sexual traits (breasts and body hair)
Spermarche
first ejaculation (puberty landmark)
Menarche
first period (puberty landmark)
Role
set of social expectations (norms)
Gender role
set of expected behaviors for men and for women
Sexual orientation
direction of one’s sexual attraction
Sex hormones
drive sexual behavior
Social power
positions controlling more people and resources
Sexual harassment
making unwanted sexual advances, obscene remarks, or requests for sexual behaviors
Sexual assault
any sexual contact or behavior that occurs without the explicit consent of the recipient
Gender Identity
personal sense of being male or female or combo
Social learning theory
we learn gender role in childhood by imitation and punishments that shape behavior (dad mows lawn, mom cooks dinner)
Gender typing
taking on the role of a male or female (girls play with dolls, boys play with cars)
Androgyny
blending traditionally masculine and feminine psychological traits
Cisgender
people who identify with birth-assigned sex
Transgender
people who identify with something different than birth-assigned sex
sexuality
thoughts, feelings, and actions related to our physical attraction to others
Asexual
no sexual attraction towards others
Sexual Response Cycle
four stage process of sexual response
1. excitement
2. plateau
3. orgasm
4. resolution
Refractory period
resting period after orgasm when a person cannot achieve another orgasm
Sexual dysfunction
problems that consistently impair sexual arousal or functioning
Erectile disorder
inability to have or maintain erection
Female Orgasmic Disorder
distress over infrequently or never experiencing orgasm
Paraphilia
sexual arousal from fantasies, behaviors, or urges involving non-human objects (pedophilia and necrophilia)
STI or STD
Sexually Transmitted Disease
AIDS
depletes the immune system, is caused by HIV
Social script
cultural guide to how people should act in situations
Sexual orientation
direction of our sexual attractions
Fertile females theory
women’s behavior may change during the most fertile time in their ovulatory cycle
Natural selection
nature selecting traits over time that contribute to survival and reproduction
Sex selection
males and females differ in mating patterns
Male answer syndrome
phenomenon related to mansplaining
Prolactin
hormone associated with sexual satisfaction and satiety
