module six

Question 1

6.1) what are DNA nucleotides made of? how many types are threre?

Answer 1

each DNA molecule has 3 parts: a deoxyribose sugar, a phosphate group, and one of the 4 nitrogenous bases. there are 4 different nucleotides: adenine (A), cytosine (C), guanine (G), and thymine (T).

Question 2

6.2) describe the structure of DNA.

Answer 2

a DNA molecule is formed by 2 strands of nucleotides held together by hydrogen bonds between the bases. the 2 strands are twisted to form a double helix with the sugar phosphate backbone on the outside and the nitrogenous bases on the inside.

Question 3

6.3) what is the rule of base pairing?

Answer 3

the rule of base pairing is also known as chargaff’s rule. it states that because adenine and thymine are always found in a 1:1 ratio, A and T only bond together and C and G only bond together.

Question 4

6.4) describe how DNA is packed into the nucleus.

Question 5

6.5) how do chargaffs rules (the rules of base pairing) affect the DNA’s replication.

Question 6

6.6) what do helicase and DNA polymers do?

Question 7

6.7) an RNA has the following sequence of nucleotides:
uracil, adenine, guanine, cytosine, cytosine
what was the nucleotide sequence in the DNA that it was transcribed from?

Question 8

6.8) a DNA molecule strand has the following sequence of nucleotides:
T T T A G C
what will the RNA sequence be when this section is transcribed?

Question 9

6.9) describe two ways RNA is different than DNA?

Question 10

6.10) what is the difference between exons and introns?

Question 11

6.11) where in the cell in DNA transcribed? where is it translated?

Question 12

6.12) what is a triplet? what is a codon? what is a anticodon?

Question 13

6.13) using the chart in figure 6.14, what amino acids is coded for by the mRNA sequence UUG?

Question 14

6.14) what is the role of tRNA in translation?

Question 15

6.20) a pea plant has 7 pairs of homologous chromosomes. what is its haploid number? what is its diploid number?

Question 16

6.21) in a scientists notebook, you find notes regarding a new species that is being studied. the notes say that the species is diploid, with chromosome of 17. is this the haploid or diploid number? if this is the haploid number, give the diploid number. if this is the diploid number give the haploid number?