module part 7

Question 1

Eukaryotic genes are split or interrupted such that the __________ are separated from one another by ____________

Answer 1

expressed sequences; intervening sequences

Question 2

represented in the primary transcript but are subsequently removed by a process called RNA splicing

Answer 2

introns

Question 3

introns are represented in the primary transcript but are subsequently removed by a process called ___________

Answer 3

RNA splicing

Question 4

some splicing is self-catalyzed by RNA molecules called

Answer 4

ribozymes

Question 5

interrupted genes have been found in _________ and _________ but not in other prokaryotes

Answer 5

cyanobacteria and archaea

Question 6

Each codon that specifies a particular amino acid must be _________ bases long for each of the ___________ to have at least one codon

Answer 6

three bases long; 20 amino acids

Question 7

genetic code consists of how many codons?

Answer 7

64 codons

Question 8

many amino acids are encoded by more than one codon

Answer 8

degeneracy

Question 9

61 codons that specify amino acids

Answer 9

sense codons

Question 10

sense codons have ________ that specify amino acids

Answer 10

61 codons

Question 11

What is the first codon?

Answer 11

AUG

Question 12

AUG, the first codon in the reading frame that specify for the initial amino acid, and that are used as translation (protein synthesis) termination signals

Answer 12

Start codon

Question 13

What is the initial amino acid for bacteria?

Answer 13

N-formylmethionine

Question 14

What is the initial amino acid for eukaryotes and archae

Answer 14

methionine

Question 15

three codons that do not specify an amino acid, and that are used as translation (protein synthesis) termination signals

Answer 15

stop codons

Question 16

What are the three stop codons?

Answer 16

UGA UAA UAG

Question 17

describes the somewhat loose base pairing of a tRNA anticodon to the mRNA codon

Answer 17

wobble

Question 18

eliminates the need for a unique tRNA for each codon because the first two positions are sufficient to establish hydrogen bonding between the mRNA and the aminoacyl-tRNAs

Answer 18

wobble

Question 19

linear sequence of nucleotides that is within the genomic nucleic acid molecule, and that has a fixed start point and end point

Answer 19

gene

Question 20

In ____________ coding information is normally continuous although some bacterial genes are interrupted

Answer 20

prokaryotes

Question 21

In __________ most genes have coding sequences (exons) that are interrupted by noncoding sequences (introns)

Answer 21

eukaryotes