module part 6

Question 1

synthesis of RNA under the direction of DNA

Answer 1

transcription

Question 2

directs the incorporation of a uracil nucleotide in the RNA

Answer 2

adenine nucleotide in DNA template

Question 3

What are he 3 types of RNA that are produced by transcription?

Answer 3

mRNA
tRNA
rRNA

Question 4

carries the message that directs the synthesis of proteins

Answer 4

mRNA

Question 5

carries amino acids during protein synthesis

Answer 5

tRNA

Question 6

components of the ribosomes

Answer 6

rRNA

Question 7

can code for one polypeptide (monogenic) or many polypeptides (polygenic)

Answer 7

Prokaryotic mRNA

Question 8

consist of 25 to 150 bases at the 5’ end of the mRNA and precede the initiation codon

Answer 8

leader sequences

Question 9

separate the segments that code for individual polypeptides in polygenic mRNA

Answer 9

spacer regions

Question 10

found at the 3’ end of the mRNA after the last termination codon

Answer 10

Trailer regions

Question 11

how many bases does the leader sequence consists?

Answer 11

25-150 bases

Question 12

Leader sequences are found at the

Answer 12

5’ end of mRNA

Question 13

Trailer regions are found at the

Answer 13

3’ end of mRNA

Question 14

a large multi-subunit enzyme that is responsible for the synthesis of RNA

Answer 14

RNA polymerase

Question 15

catalyzes RNA synthesis

Answer 15

core enzyme

Question 16

is not catalyctic, but helps the core enzyme bind DNA at the appropriate site

Answer 16

sigma factor

Question 17

region of the DNA which RNA polymerase binds in order to initiate transcription

Answer 17

promoter

Question 18

sequences centered at _________ base pairs before the transcription starting point are important in directing RNA polymerase to the promoter

Answer 18

35 and 10 base pairs

Question 19

regions of DNA which GC-rich sequence containing an inverted repeat with a central nonrepeating segment

Answer 19

Terminators

Question 20

What are the three major RNA polymerases?

Answer 20

RNA pol II
RNA pol I
RNA pol III

Question 21

catalyzes mRNA synthesis

Answer 21

RNA pol II

Question 22

requires several initiation factors and recognizes promoters that have several important elements

Answer 22

RNA pol II

Question 23

catalyzes rRNA (5.8s, 18S, and 28S) synthesis

Answer 23

RNA pol I

Question 24

catalyzes tRNA and 5S rRNA synthesis

Answer 24

RNA pol III

Question 25

added to the 3’ end to produce a poly-A sequence about 200 nucleotides long

Answer 25

Adenylic acid

Question 26

Adenylic acid is added to the 3’ end to produce a poly-A sequence about

Answer 26

200 nucleotides long

Question 27

added to the 5’ end by a triphosphate linkage (5’ cap)

Answer 27

7-methylguanosine

Question 28

two modifications that are believed to protect the mRNA from exonuclease digestion

Answer 28

adenylic acid and 7-methylguanosine