Module 9 Skin eyes and ears Flashcards
Class of drugs
Topicals: Hydrocortisone, mometasone, betamethasone
Blocks the action of the enzyme phospholipase on the inflammatory pathway.
May slow healing
Often end in -one.
Glucocorticoids or Corticosteroids
Class of drugs
Diphenhydramine
Used for allergies
antihistamines
Class of drugs
Topicals: Clotrimazole, Copper naphthenate, ketoconazole, miconazole
Often ends in -azole
antifungals
Supresses T lymphocyte activity by inhibiting the production of some cytokines.
Immunosuppressant
Oral
May cause gingival hyperplasia, long eyelashes, and vomiting.
Increased risk of infections.
Reduce to lowest effective dose.
cyclosporin
A drug
To stop the itch
Inhibits the enzyme Janus kinase which is involved in the production of cytokines that cause pruritis and atopic dermatitis.
JAK Inhibitor
Tablet given orally twice a day for 14 days then once a day long term.
Apoquel
oclacitinib
Binds to the itch-producing cytokines so they cannot bind to their receptors.
Monoclonal Antibody Therapy
Injection given every 4-8 weeks as needed.
Cytopoint
Lokivetmab
Class of drugs
Topicals: Lidocaine, prilocaine, tetracaine
To reduce pain and itching, good for minor procedures
Often ends in -caine
local anesthitcs
Class of drugs
Topicals: Bacitracin, Clindamycin, Gentamycin, Neomycin,
Often ends in -cin
antibiotics
Eye stain
Adheres to corneal scratches and turns from orange to green.
Allow to remain for 60 seconds then flush with saline.
Water soluble
Fluorescein
A mydriatic
To dilate pupil for exam
Relieves inflammation for uveitis
Reduces adhesions between iris and lens.
Contraindicated in glaucoma (increases intraocular pressure
Contraindicated in KCS (reduces tear production)
Peak effect in 30-40 minutes.
Adverse effects: Dry mouth and GI upset.
atropine
A class of drugs used to treat glaucoma
Sympatholytic drugs
May cause blurred vision
Timolol
beta adrenergic blockers
A drug
Immunosuppressant
Used to treat KCS
Reduces inflammation to increase tear production.
May take several weeks to work
Optimmune
cyclosporin
Used to measure intraocular pressure or for minor eye procedures.
Onset in 5-10 minutes
Lasts 2 hours
Store in fridge, discard if discolored
Alcaine
proparacaine
A miotic
Used to treat open angle glaucoma
Reduces intraocular pressure by increasing the flow of aqueous humor.
Onset: 10-30 minutes
Duration: 4-8 hours
pilocarpine
A class of drugs used to treat glaucoma
Aqueous humor is produced by the carbonic anhydrase system. These inhibit this and the result is less production of aqueous humor.
Dorzolamide
carbonic anhydrase Inhibitors
