Module 9 - Modern And Contemporary Worldviews: Eastern Philosophy

Question 1

Where did Eastern philosophies originate?

Answer 1

Asia

Question 2

The Eastern philosophies most practiced are Hinduism and Confucianism.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

Which is a key Hindu concept?

Answer 3

reincarnation

Question 4

Which is a key Buddhist concept?

Answer 4

enlightment

Question 5

Confucianism focuses on a strict ethical code of goodness.

Answer 5

true

Question 6

In Hinduism, the word Brahman refers to the soul of the universe.

Answer 6

true

Question 7

The Buddha was interested in the same metaphysical questions as other religions.

Answer 7

false

Question 8

In Eastern philosophies, what is the continuous cycle of cause and effect of a person’s deeds?

Answer 8

karma

Question 9

What is the Buddhist term meaning liberation from reincarnation?

Answer 9

Nirvana

Question 10

Shintoism is centered within which culture?

Answer 10

Japanese

Question 11

What are the most sacred texts in Hinduism?

Answer 11

the Vedas

Question 12

The Buddha did not endorse any religious writings while he was living.

Answer 12

true

Question 13

The sacred canon in Confucianism only includes books Confucius referred to while he was alive.

Answer 13

false

Question 14

Which Eastern philosophy separates sacred writings into the shruti and the smriti?

Answer 14

Hinduism

Question 15

What Eastern philosophy uses the Pali Tripitaka?

Answer 15

Buddhism

Question 16

Which concepts are at the center of moral philosophy for the worldview of Hinduism?

Answer 16

karma and reincarnation

Question 17

For a Hindu, what is the motivation for living a moral life?

Answer 17

to break the cycle of reincarnation

Question 18

Within Buddhism, one reaches enlightenment by practicing the Analects.

Answer 18

false

Question 19

What concepts are at the center of moral philosophy for the worldview of Buddhism?

Answer 19

four noble truths and eightfold path

Question 20

In some Buddhist groups, monks and nuns have additional rules of morality to obey.

Answer 20

true

Question 21

What are the religious buildings of Shintoism called?

Answer 21

shrines

Question 22

In Eastern philosophies, art is used to encourage participants to practice their faith in the proper manner.

Answer 22

true

Question 23

Eastern philosophies do not use architecture to reflect their metaphysical beliefs.

Answer 23

false

Question 24

Within the worldview of Hinduism, what shape do many of their temples resemble?

Answer 24

mountains

Question 25

When creating statues of the Buddha, what do artists use to describe his characteristics and teachings?

Answer 25

spiritual imagery

Question 26

Which Eastern philosophy emphasizes karma?

Answer 26

Hinduism

Question 27

Which Eastern philosophy emphasizes enlightenment?

Answer 27

Buddhism

Question 28

Which Eastern philosophy emphasizes becoming unattached to things, people, and circumstances to end suffering?

Answer 28

Buddhism

Question 29

Which Eastern philosophy emphasizes ren, or goodness, including doing the right thing, knowledge, and loyalty?

Answer 29

Confucianism

Question 30

In Shintoism, what are kami?

Answer 30

gods

Question 31

In Hinduism, what is the eternal soul of an individual called?

Answer 31

atman

Question 32

In Hinduism, what is the soul or essence of the universe?

Answer 32

Brahman

Question 33

According to Buddhism, what do people need to take responsibility for in their own life?

Answer 33

suffering

Question 34

Which statement aligns with Buddhist views of a creator or god?

Answer 34

there are none

Question 35

In Hinduism, the sacred texts of the shruti mean “what is __________,” and the sacred texts of the smriti mean “what is __________ .”

Answer 35

heard; remembered

Question 36

Which is one of the most well-known passages in the Hindu scriptures?

Answer 36

the Bhagavad Gita

Question 37

Why did Confucius want to return to the ancient values and rituals of the Zhou Dynasty?

Answer 37

to restore peace and order

Question 38

According to the Buddha, what would cease if people followed his teaching?

Answer 38

human suffering

Question 39

Who wrote the Buddhist shastras?

Answer 39

Buddhist teachers and poets

Question 40

In Hinduism, what is the continuous cycle of cause and effect according to the morality of one’s deeds?

Answer 40

karma

Question 41

Which is the Hindu term for the cycle of birth, suffering, death, and rebirth into another form of plant, animal, or human being called?

Answer 41

reincarnation

Question 42

Which is the Buddhist term meaning liberation from reincarnation?

Answer 42

Nirvana

Question 43

Which are part of the Buddha’s Eightfold Path?

Answer 43

right understanding, right speech, right livelihood, and right mindfulness

Question 44

In Hinduism, what are the three paths to reach salvation or freedom from reincarnation?

Answer 44

knowledge, action, and devotion

Question 45

Which Eastern philosophy emphasizes the principle of brahman?

Answer 45

Hinduism

Question 46

During the Warring States Period of Chinese history, what were the different schools of philosophy called that taught theoretical solutions to bring back stability and peace?

Answer 46

Hundred Schools of Thought

Question 47

Who switched from leading brutal military conquests to embracing Buddhism?

Answer 47

Ashoka

Question 48

What did Gandhi call his philosophy of nonviolence?

Answer 48

passive resistance

Question 49

Who renamed the “Untouchables” the “children of God”?

Answer 49

Gandhi

Question 50

Who became the political and religious leader of Tibet in the 17th century?

Answer 50

Dalai Lama

Question 51

What must a Shinto worshiper pass through to symbolize they are leaving the external world and entering a sacred space?

Answer 51

gateway

Question 52

In a Hindu temple, where is the image of the god kept?

Answer 52

on a pedestal in the main hall

Question 53

Why do people perform certain rituals—like ritual bathing for spiritual purity or walking clockwise around the sanctuary—at the Hindu temple?

Answer 53

it encourages good karma

Question 54

What did Buddha’s followers do against his wishes after his death because they believed he was able to rise above the human condition of suffering?

Answer 54

They began to worship him as a god.

Question 55

In the time period after the Buddha’s death, but before artists began to make statues of him, what symbol might a Buddhist artist use to represent him in their artwork?

Answer 55

empty seat