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Histology > Module 9 (?) > Flashcards

Module 9 (?) Flashcards

1
Q

Difference in villi between small and large intestine

A

there are NO villi present in the large intestine

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2
Q

Circular folds of small intestine that increase surface area by 3x

A

plicae circulares (valves of Kerckring)

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3
Q

What increases small intestine surface area the most?

A

microvilli

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4
Q

Main epithelial cells in small intestine

A

simple columnar epithelium

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5
Q

Mucus secreting unicellular glands in the absorptive cells of the intestinal epithelium

A

goblet cells

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6
Q

Glands in the intestine are also known as

A

crypts of Lieberkuhn

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7
Q

Where are stem cells, enteroendocrine cells, and paneth cells located in the intestine?

A

lower half of the crypts of lieberkuhn

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8
Q

small cells near the base of the intestinal epithelium that secrete hormones into the lamina propria

A

enteroendocrine cells

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9
Q

protein secreting cells at the base of intestinal glands that secrete lysozyme

A

Paneth cells

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10
Q

Lymphatic vessels running through the lamina propria of the small intestine

A

lacteal

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11
Q

What is distinguishing about the duodenum?

A

it has submucosal Brunner’s glands

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12
Q

What does the jejunum lack?

A

both brunner’s glands and peyer’s patches

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13
Q

Which section of the small intestine has most goblet cells?

A

ileum

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14
Q

Special clusters of lymphoid tissue in ileum

A

Peyer’s patches

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15
Q

Main function of large intestine

A

absorb water

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16
Q

fascicles found in the muscularis externa of large intestine

A

teniae coli

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17
Q

bulges of the colon

A

haustra

18
Q

type of epithelium inside the rectum

A

stratified squamous, NON keratinized epithelium

19
Q

type of epithelium on the anus

A

Stratified squamous KERATINIZED epithelium

20
Q

glands in the anal canal

A

circumanal and sebaceous glands

21
Q

part of the large intestine that contains extensive lymphoid tissue (both diffuse and nodular) and only a few goblet and paneth cells

A

appendix

22
Q

main functions of the liver?

A

produce bile, lipid. carbohydrate, protein, and iron metabolism. also creating coag factors

23
Q

exocrine production of the liver

A

bile

24
Q

components of the liver lobule

A

Central vein, portal triad, strands of hepatocytes, framework of reticular fibers

25
Q

Where does blood first enter the liver?

A

sinusoids

26
Q

what epithelium lines the liver sinusoids?

A

discontinuous, fenestrated layer of endothelial cellls

27
Q

phagocytic cells derived from monocytes that eliminate harmful microorganisms from the liver

A

Kupffer cells

28
Q

space between sinusoids and hepatocytes

A

Space of Disse

29
Q

What is at the center of a portal lobule?

A

bile ductf

30
Q

concentric regions around hepatic arteries

A

liver acini (acinus of Rappaport)

31
Q

which zone of the liver acinus gets blood and glucose?

A

zone I

32
Q

lipid and age pigments are found in which liver zones?

A

II and III

33
Q

What does the gallbladder notably lack?

A

muscularis and submucosa

34
Q

hormone released by duodenum that causes contraction of the gallbladder

A

cholecystokinin

35
Q

main functions of the pancrease

A

produce digestive enzymes and secrete insulin and glucagon

36
Q

shape of pancreatic acini

A

pyramidal around a central lumen

37
Q

most abundant pancreatic enzyme

A

trypsin

38
Q

what hormones are released from the duodenum in response to food and acid digestion?

A

CCK and secretin

39
Q

Which hormone stimulates the secretion of lots of fluid with a high concentration of bicarb?

A

secretin

40
Q

Which hormone releases digestive enzymes to break down food?

A

CCK

Histology (9 decks)

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