Module 7-Genetics Flashcards
Allele
One of a pair of genes that occupies the same position on homologous chromosomes
Genotype
Two-letter set that represents the alleles an organism possesses for a certain trait
Phenotype
The observable expression of an organism’s genes
Homozygous genotype
A genotype in which both alleles are identical
Heterozygous genotype
A genotype with two different alleles
Dominant allele
An allele that will determine phenotype if just one is present in the genotype
Recessive allele
An allele that will not determine the phenotype unless the genotype is homozygous in that allele
Carriers
Individuals who have one copy of an allele for a recessive trait but do not exhibit the trait
Codominance
Inheritance pattern in which heterozygotes express the distinct phenotypes of both alleles
Antigen
A substance that, when introduced into the blood, triggers the production of an antibody
Antibody
Specialized proteins in your immune system used to attack and destroy specific antigens