Exam #3 Flashcards

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1
Q

Interphase

A

The time interval between cellular reproductions

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2
Q

Karyotype

A

The figure produced when the chromosomes of a species during metaphase are arranged according to their homologous pairs

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3
Q

Diploid cell

A

A cell with chromosomes that come in homologous pairs or two sets of chromosomes

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4
Q

Gametes

A

Haploid cells (n) produced by diploid cells (2n) for the purpose of sexual reproduction

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5
Q

Dominant allele

A

An allele that will determine phenotype if just one is present in the genotype

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6
Q

Recessive allele

A

An allele that will not determine the phenotype unless the genotype is homozygous in that allele

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7
Q

Genotype

A

Two-letter set that represents the alleles an organism possesses for a certain trait

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8
Q

Phenotype

A

The observable expression of an organism’s genes

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9
Q

Monohybrid cross

A

A cross between two individuals, concentrating on only one definable trait

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10
Q

Dihybrid cross

A

A cross between two individuals, concentrating on two definable traits

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11
Q

Incomplete dominance

A

Inheritance pattern in which heterozygotes have a phenotype intermediate between the phenotypes of the homozygotes

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12
Q

Restriction enzyme

A

An enzyme that recognizes and cuts DNA only at a specific sequence of nucleotides

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13
Q

Genetically modified organism

A

An organism that has been genetically altered by humans

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