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DMST 244 Obstetrics and Gyn Sonography 1 > Module 7 Fetal Lie > Flashcards

Module 7 Fetal Lie Flashcards

1
Q

What does fetal lie describe?

A

The relation of the long axis of the fetus to that of the mother

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2
Q

What are three positions of fetal lie?

A
  1. Longitudinal lie
  2. Transverse lie
  3. Oblique Lie
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3
Q

How would we refer to the positions of the baby

A

We would use terms like
1. Cranial and caudal
2. Ventral and Dr.

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4
Q

What does presentation mean in terms of Fetal lie?

A

Refers to the part of the fetus that is over the cervix

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5
Q

What are five presentations of fetal lie?

A
  1. Cephalic
  2. Breech
  3. Acromial
  4. Longitudinal lie
  5. Transverse lie
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6
Q

What is a Cephalic (vertex) presentation?

A

The fetal ear is closest to the cervix

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7
Q

What is breech presentation?

A

The fetal buttocks are closest to the cervix

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8
Q

What is acromial presentation?

A

Fetal shoulder closest to the cervix

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9
Q

What is longitudinal lie?

A

Cephalic/ breech presentation with the fetal spine on the maternal left/ right

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10
Q

What is transverse lie?

A

Transverse presentation with the fetal head on the maternal left/ right

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11
Q

What are six types of fetal presentations?

A
  1. Cephalic with back/spine anterior
  2. Cephalic with back/spine down
  3. Transverse with back/spine down
  4. Complete breech
  5. Footing breech
  6. Frank breech
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12
Q

What is a frank breech?

A
  1. Hips are flexed
  2. Knees are extended or straight legs
  3. Feet are near face
  4. “Pike position” or “toes up the nose”
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13
Q

What is a complete breech?

A
  1. Hips and knees flexed or bent
  2. Feet are level with the buttocks
  3. Buttocks are presenting
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14
Q

What is an incomplete breech?

A
  1. One leg is extended and the other is bent
  2. The foot is level with the butt
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15
Q

What is the footing breech?

A
  1. One or both feet are closest to the cervix
  2. Feet are lower than the buttocks
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16
Q

Assuming normal situs of organs we can determine what?

A

Fetal lie from an ultrasound image if we know the fetal position.
1. Cephalic
2. Transverse
3. Breech

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17
Q

What are three questions we need to think about for fetal lie?

A
  1. What is the fetal position
  2. What plane are we scanning in
  3. Looking at the ultrasound image, where is the fetal spine
18
Q

What is the difference between longitudinal like Cephalic presentation and longitudial like breech position?

A

They are opposites

19
Q

What is the difference between transverse lie head, maternal left and transverse lie head, material right?

A

Its opposite

20
Q

What does position refer to in terms of Fetal lie?

A

Refers to the relation of the part of the fetus to the right or left side of the birth canal

21
Q

What is the Occiput?

A

In a vertex presentation (Back of the head)

22
Q

What is the M = Chin position?

A

In a face presentation

23
Q

What is a s = Sacrum

A

In a breech presentation

24
Q

Where is position variety normally used?

A

Labour and delivery rather than sonography

25
Q

For an even more accurate orientation the relation of the presenting part is compared to what?

A

To the anterior, transverse, or posterior position of the mothers pelvis is considered

26
Q

The position and variety are put together to describe what?

A

Specific position

27
Q

Since the present, part in each of the two positions may be directed anterior, transverse, or posterior, there are how many varieties?

A

Six varieties for these 3 presentations

28
Q

When is posture important? What is posture in terms to fetal lie?

A

In the later months of pregnancy the fetus assumes a characteristic posture, described as the attitude or habitus

29
Q

Usually the fetus folds how?

A
  1. Forward
  2. The spine is convex and the head is flexed forward
30
Q

The only situation when the fetus is not flexed is when?

A

When it is rather extended in mento presentation

31
Q

What are the frequency of vertex?

A

96%

32
Q

What is the frequency of breech?

A

3.5%

33
Q

What is the frequency of mento (face)?

A

0.3%

34
Q

What is the frequency of shoulder (acromium)?

A

0.4%

35
Q

About 2/3 of all vertex presentations are in what position?

A

Left position

36
Q

If the baby is in sagittal position we scan how?

A

Transverse and vice versa

37
Q

What position is the baby in?

A

Fetus is left side down (look for the spine and the stomach)

38
Q

What position is this fetus?

A

Left side down

39
Q

What position is this fetus?

A

Right side down (look at the spine, its up so the fetus is facing down)

40
Q

What position is this fetus?

A

Right side down

DMST 244 Obstetrics and Gyn Sonography 1 (22 decks)

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