Module 7- 2nd And 3rd Trimester

Question 1

What are the landmarks for BPD?

Answer 1

Falx, thalami and CSP

Question 2

What is proper caliper placement for BPD?

Answer 2

Leading edge to leading edge

Question 3

What is correct caliper placement for AC?

Answer 3

Outer surface of the skin

Question 4

What are the AC landmarks?

Answer 4

Umbilical vein, stomach, round in shape

Question 5

What are proper head to abdomen ratios

Answer 5

Before 32 weeks: head>abdomen
32 to 36 week: head = abdomen
After 36 weeks: head<abdomen

Question 6

What is the upper limit of normal for the nuchal fold?

Answer 6

5mm
>/= 6mm its abnormal

Question 7

What is the upper limit of normal for the cisterna magna?

Answer 7

1cm/10mm

Question 8

What is the upper limit of normal for ventricular atrium (trigone)

Answer 8

1cm/10mm

Question 9

What percentile would make baby LGA?

Answer 9

> 90th%

Question 10

What biometry would baby be SGA?

Answer 10

<10th%

Question 11

What parameters are assessed in a BPP?

Answer 11

1. Gross body movements- 3+ movements
2. Breathing- 30 seconds of continuous practice breathing
3. Fetal tone- one episode of flexion/extension
4. Amniotic fluid- pocket >2x2cm

Question 12

What is the biophysical profile assessing for?

Answer 12

Hypoxia

Question 13

How long does the fetus have to perform all elements of BPP?

Answer 13

30 mins

Question 14

Does AFI influence BPP?

Answer 14

No

Question 15

AFI oligohydramnios and polyhydramnios measurements

Answer 15

<5cm- oligo
>20-25cm - poly

Question 16

What are the normal/abnormal waveforms in umbilical arteries?

Answer 16

High diastolic flow- good
Low/absent diastolic flow- difficulty for fetus to return blood or high resistance bed
Reversed diastolic flow- very worrisome