Module 3- Physiology Of The Female Reproductive Cycle Flashcards
Menarche
The very first menstrual flow
Perimenopausal
A woman at the end of her menstrual years
Menopause
1 year without a period
What are the hormones of the menstrual cycle? 6 of them
GnRH
FSH
LH
Estrogen
Progesterone
Relaxin
Produced by the hypothalamus, this hormone stimulates the anterior pituitary to produce its hormones
GnRH
What is the control center for the menstrual cycle?
The hypothalamus
These are produced by the beta cells in the anterior pituitary and they stimulate the ovaries (known as gonadotropins)
FSH and LH
Stimulates growth of follicles
FSH
The surge of this is responsible for ovulation
LH
Supports the growth of the corpus luteum, but does not maintain it
LH
In pregnancy, what maintains the corpus luteum?
hCG
This is secreted from the granulosa cells lining the follicle
Estrogen
Peak secretion of this peaks just before ovulation
Estrogen
What is the cause for proliferation of the endometrium?
Estrogen
This is secreted by the corpus luteum
Progesterone
Peak concentration of this is reached about 7 days after ovulation
Progesterone
Induces secretory activity and hypertrophy of the endo, inhibits the secretion of LH
Progesterone
Dilates the cervix, relaxes the symphysis pubis during fetal delivery
Relaxin
What are the stages of the cycle
Menstruation- day 1 to 5
Proliferative- day 6 to 14
Ovulation- day 14
Secretory- day 14 to 28
The Graafian follicle bursts and becomes what?
Corpus luteum
Briefly explain levels of estrogen and progesterone levels throughout the cycle?
Estrogen is high at the start, progesterone is high at the end
Cumulus oophorus
The ovum protruding from the wall of the follicle and signals ovulation is about to occur
A functional cyst on the ovary after ovulation has occurred called
Corpus luteum
