Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

anat 100 > MODULE 6: NERVOUS SYSTEM > Flashcards

MODULE 6: NERVOUS SYSTEM Flashcards

1
Q

what are the divisions of the peripheral nervous system?

A

motor (efferent)
sensory (afferent)
somatic
autonomic
sympathetic
parasympathetic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

motor division

A

efferent - transmits motor commands from CNS to periphery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

sensory

A

(afferent) - transmits sensory information from periphery to CNS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

somatic

A

voluntary motor control of skeletal system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

autonomic

A

involuntary motor control of smooth and cardiac muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

sympathetic

A

fight or flight response

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

parasympathetic

A

rest and digest

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

olfactory nerve

A

1- sensory : smell
motor : none

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

optic nerve

A
  1. sensory : vision
    motor : none
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

oculomotor

A
  1. sensory: none
    motor: movement of the eye
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

trochlear nerve

A
  1. sensory : none
    motor: movement of the eye
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

trigeminal nerve

A
  1. sensory: forehead, eye, upper jaw, lower jaw
    motor: muscles of mastication
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

abducens nerve

A
  1. sensory: none
    motor: movement of the eye
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

facial nerve

A
  1. sensory: taste for anterior 2/3 of tongue
    motor: muscles or facial expression. parasympathetic innervation of tear and salivary glands
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

vestibulocochlear nerve

A

8: sensory: equilibrium and hearing
motor:none

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

glossopharyngeal nerve

A

9: sensory: innervation of the pharynx. taste for posterior 1/3 of tongue.
motor: pharynx muscles, salivary glands.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

vagus nerve

A
  1. sensory: innervation of larynx. motor: pharynx and larynx muscles. parasympathetic innervation of thoracic and abdominal organs
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

accessory nerve

A
  1. sensory: none
    motor: trapezius and sternocleidomastoid muscles.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

hypoglossal nerve

A
  1. sensory: none
    motor: muscles or the tongue
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

how is a spinal nerve formed

A

the union of the posterior(sensory) and anterior (motor) roots of the spinal cord

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

how many spinal nerves are there

A

31

22
Q

a two neuron pathway. between the CNS and any target organs, there are two neurons.

A

Autonomic nervous system

23
Q

this fibre/ neuron has its cell body within the CNS. it’s axon enters into the PNS and travels through the autonomic ganglion

A

preganglionic fibre

24
Q

where the preganglionic and post ganglionic neurons meet and communicate. located in the PNS

A

autonomic ganglion

25
Q

located entirely in the PNS, it’s cell body is in the autonomic ganglion, while it’s axon travels to the target organ

A

post ganglionic neuron

26
Q

differences between sympathetic and parasympathetic

A

sympathetic : spinal cord segment T1- L2 ( thoracolumbar division)
fight or flight
widely distributed to many parts of the body
parasympathetic nervous system: brainstem and spinal cord segment S2- S4 ( also called craniosacral division) rest and digest.
more limited distribution to target organs, with localized effect

27
Q

sympathetic pathways

A

1: Lateral horn of spinal cord - sympathetic preganglionic axons leave the lateral horn of the spinal cord, along with somatic motor axons, to form the anterior root.
2: sympathetic trunk - preganglionic axons pass through the spinal nerve to the sympathetic trunk, a structure lateral to the spinal cord on either side. the sympathetic trunk provides a pathway for the sympathetic fibres to travel through the body. both superior ly and inferiorly.
3: preganglionic neurons synapse and postganglionic neurons synapse with post ganglionic neurons in the ganglia
4: post ganglionic axons leave the sympathetic trunk to enter the spinal nerve and extend to the effector tissue/ organ at approximately that vertebral level

28
Q

parasympathetic pathways

A

1: preganglionic neurons leave the brain or spinal cord at the level of the sacrum
2: preganglionic neurons meet postganglionic neurons in ganglia close to viscera
3: postganglionic neurons travel to effector organs:
postganglionic neurons from CN 3, 7 and 9 supply the head
CN X supplies the thorax to the descending colon
S2,3,4 supply the terminal gut and pelvic viscera ( bladder and reproductive organs)

29
Q

this gland produces tears, which keep the cornea, or outside surface of the eyeball, moist and clean

A

Lacrimal gland

30
Q

contains levator palpebrae superioris muscle and orbicularis oculi, which controls the opening and closing of the eyelid,

A

eyelid

31
Q

six extrinsic eye muscles that allow you to move your eyes to increase range of motion.

A

extrinsic eye muscles

32
Q

eye muscles

A

medial rectus
inferior rectus
superior oblique
superior rectus
lateral rectus
inferior oblique

33
Q

eye cavities

A

posterior chamber
anterior chamber
anterior cavity
lens
posterior cavity

34
Q

composed of the anterior and posterior chambers, both filled with aqueous humour

A

anterior cavity

35
Q

separates the anterior cavity of the eye from the posterior cavity

A

lens

36
Q

filled with vitreous humour ( gelatinous fluid)

A

posterior cavity

37
Q

layers of the eye

A

outer layers - fibrous
middle layer - vascular
deep layer - sensory (retina)

38
Q

internal aspect of the firbous tunic, located posterior to the lens. forms the white portion of the eye. it is layer of dense connective tissue that acts as a point of attachment for the extrinsic eye muscles

A

sclera

39
Q

external aspect of fibrous tunic, located anterior to the lense. transparent enabling light transmission

A

cornea

40
Q

external aspect of fibrous tunic, located anterior to the lense. transparent enabling light transmission

A

cornea

41
Q

contains blood vessels that supply the eye with oxygen and nourishment

A

choroid

42
Q

produces aqueous humour and contains the ciliary muscles ( intrinsic eye muscles) which controls shape of the lens

A

ciliary body

43
Q

produces aqueous humour and contains the ciliary muscles ( intrinsic eye muscles) which controls shape of the lens

A

ciliary body

44
Q

contains the sphincter and dilator muscles (intrinsic eye muscles) which control the narrowing and widening of the pupil. contain pigments, which gives the eye its colour

A

iris

45
Q

consists of the neural layer, optic disc, macula, and CN ii (optic nerve). this layer is also known as the retina

A

sensory tunic (Retina)

46
Q

made up of photoreceptors. (rods and cones), which are light sensitive cells. these receptor send signals through smaller nerves to the axons of the ganglion cells ( inner most layer of the retina) exit the posterior aspect of the globe to the brain to form CN ii

A

neural layer

47
Q

made up of photoreceptors. (rods and cones), which are light sensitive cells. these receptor send signals through smaller nerves to the axons of the ganglion cells ( inner most layer of the retina) exit the posterior aspect of the globe to the brain to form CN ii

A

neural layer

48
Q

area where smaller nerve cell axons converge.

A

optic disc

49
Q

central area of retina, lateral to optic disc.

A

macula

50
Q

central depression of macula where fine detailed vision occurs

A

fovea

51
Q

disease where aqueous humour is not able to flow freely. this causes excess fluid to accumulate in the chambers of the eye, increases pressure on structures in the eyes, leads to damage of the neural tunic or retina and nerves in this layer

A

glaucoma

anat 100 (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions